The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 41
When the sun rose I crept down from the tree with hardly a hope of escaping the dreadful fate which had over-taken my comrades; but life is sweet, and I determined to do all I could to save myself.
Who acts: sun, I, hope, life · What happens: rise, creep down, escape, over-taken, be, determine · To what, where: tree, dreadful fate, all, myself
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, I, hope, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 rose | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sun | det |
| 3 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rose | nsubj |
| 4 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 crept | advcl |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 crept | nsubj |
| 6 | crept | creep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | down | down | ADV | _ | 6 crept | advmod |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 tree | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 tree | det |
| 10 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 crept | obl |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 hope | case |
| 12 | hardly | hardly | ADV | _ | 14 hope | advmod |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 hope | det |
| 14 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 tree | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 16 escaping | mark |
| 16 | escaping | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 hope | acl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 fate | det |
| 18 | dreadful | dreadful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 fate | amod |
| 19 | fate | fate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 escaping | obj |
| 20 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 over-taken | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 over-taken | aux |
| 22 | over-taken | over-taken | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 fate | acl:relcl |
| 23 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 comrades | nmod:poss |
| 24 | comrades | comrade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 over-taken | obj |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 sweet | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 sweet | cc |
| 27 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sweet | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 sweet | cop |
| 29 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 crept | parataxis |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 determined | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 determined | cc |
| 32 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 determined | nsubj |
| 33 | determined | determine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 crept | conj |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 do | mark |
| 35 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 determined | xcomp |
| 36 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 35 do | obj |
| 37 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 could | nsubj |
| 38 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 all | nmod |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 save | mark |
| 40 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 do | advcl |
| 41 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 40 save | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 crept | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | past | the sun | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | creep down | past | I | the tree with a hope | down property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from tree=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | escape | gerund | a hope not said here | the dreadful fate | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fate=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | over-taken | past · perfect · passive | the dreadful fate | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | is | present | life | sweet property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | determine | past | I | vn discover-84 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | do | to-infinitive | I not said here | all | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | save | to-infinitive | I not said here | myself | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent myself=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/41/