The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 46
Shaking with fright and half suffocated by the poisonous breath of the monster, I came out of my tent and crawled down to the sea, feeling that it would be better to plunge from the cliffs and end my life at once than pass such another night of horror.
Who acts: I, it · What happens: shake, suffocate, come out, crawl down, feel, be · To what, where: tent, sea, cliffs, life
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shaking | shake | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 came | advcl |
| 2 | with | with | ADP | _ | 3 fright | case |
| 3 | fright | fright | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Shaking | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 suffocated | cc |
| 5 | half | half | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 6 suffocated | advmod |
| 6 | suffocated | suffocate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 fright | conj |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 breath | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 breath | det |
| 9 | poisonous | poisonous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 breath | amod |
| 10 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 suffocated | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 monster | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 monster | det |
| 13 | monster | monster | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 breath | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Shaking | punct |
| 15 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 came | nsubj |
| 16 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | out | out | ADP | _ | 20 tent | case |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 tent | case |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 tent | nmod:poss |
| 20 | tent | tent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 came | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 crawled | cc |
| 22 | crawled | crawl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 came | conj |
| 23 | down | down | ADV | _ | 22 crawled | advmod |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 sea | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 sea | det |
| 26 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 crawled | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 feeling | punct |
| 28 | feeling | feel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 crawled | advcl |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 better | mark |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 better | nsubj |
| 31 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 better | aux |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 better | cop |
| 33 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 28 feeling | xcomp |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 plunge | mark |
| 35 | plunge | plunge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 better | csubj |
| 36 | from | from | ADP | _ | 38 cliffs | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 cliffs | det |
| 38 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 plunge | obl |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 end | cc |
| 40 | end | end | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 plunge | conj |
| 41 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 life | nmod:poss |
| 42 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 end | obj |
| 43 | at | at | ADP | _ | 44 once | case |
| 44 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 40 end | obl |
| 45 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 46 pass | mark |
| 46 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 end | advcl |
| 47 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 night | amod |
| 48 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 49 night | det |
| 49 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 pass | obl |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 horror | case |
| 51 | horror | horror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 night | nmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shake | gerund | I not said here | with fright | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent with fright=Co-Patient | ||||
| 2 | suffocate | participle | I not said here | by the poisonous breath of the monster; half property | vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | come out | past | I | my tent | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient tent=Result | ||||
| 4 | crawl down | past | I not said here | the sea | down property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to sea=Destination | |||
| 5 | feel | gerund | I not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | is | would | it | good property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | plunge | to-infinitive | the cliffs | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from cliff=Initial_Location | |||||
| 8 | end | infinitive | my life | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality life=Eventuality | |||||
| 9 | pass | infinitive | night | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/46/