The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 15, sentence 88
Though they chattered incessantly I could not understand a word they said, nor did they heed when I spoke to them.
Who acts: blacks, I · What happens: chatter, not understand, say, heed, speak · To what, where: word, blacks · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (blacks, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Though | though | SCONJ | _ | 3 chattered | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 chattered | nsubj |
| 3 | chattered | chatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 understand | advcl |
| 4 | incessantly | incessantly | ADV | _ | 3 chattered | advmod |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 understand | nsubj |
| 6 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 understand | aux |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 understand | advmod |
| 8 | understand | understand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 word | det |
| 10 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 understand | obj |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 said | nsubj |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 word | acl:relcl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 heed | punct |
| 14 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 17 heed | cc |
| 15 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 heed | aux |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 heed | nsubj |
| 17 | heed | heed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 18 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 spoke | advmod |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 spoke | nsubj |
| 20 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 heed | advcl |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 them | case |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 spoke | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 understand | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chatter | past | blacks = black | incessantly property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | not understand | could | I | a word | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | blacks = black | a word not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | heed | past · do-support | blacks = black | vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | speak speech: other | past | I | blacks = black | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to they=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/15/88/