The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 16, sentence 52
No one spoke to me, they even appeared to hasten over their dreadful task, and I speedily found myself descending into the gloomy pit, with my seven loaves and pitcher of water beside me.
Who acts: one, subjects, I, myself · What happens: speak, appear, hasten, find, descend, task · To what, where: me, dreadful task, myself, gloomy pit · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, subjects, I, myself), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 one | det |
| 2 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 spoke | nsubj |
| 3 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 me | case |
| 5 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 spoke | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 appeared | punct |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 appeared | nsubj |
| 8 | even | even | ADV | _ | 9 appeared | advmod |
| 9 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 spoke | parataxis |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 hasten | mark |
| 11 | hasten | hasten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 appeared | xcomp |
| 12 | over | over | ADP | _ | 15 task | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 task | nmod:poss |
| 14 | dreadful | dreadful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 task | amod |
| 15 | task | task | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 hasten | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 found | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 found | cc |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 found | nsubj |
| 19 | speedily | speedily | ADV | _ | 20 found | advmod |
| 20 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 appeared | conj |
| 21 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 20 found | obj |
| 22 | descending | descend | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 found | xcomp |
| 23 | into | into | ADP | _ | 26 pit | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 pit | det |
| 25 | gloomy | gloomy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 pit | amod |
| 26 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 descending | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 loaves | punct |
| 28 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 loaves | case |
| 29 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 loaves | nmod:poss |
| 30 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 31 loaves | nummod |
| 31 | loaves | loaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 descending | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 pitcher | cc |
| 33 | pitcher | pitcher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 loaves | conj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 water | case |
| 35 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 pitcher | nmod |
| 36 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 37 me | case |
| 37 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 loaves | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | no one | me | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to i=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | appear | past | subjects = subject | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 3 | hasten | to-infinitive | subjects = subject not said here | subjects's dreadful task | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over task=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | find | past | I | myself | speedily property | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent myself=Attribute clause=Theme | |||
| 5 | descend | gerund | myself not said here | the gloomy pit | with my seven loaves beside me and pitcher of water | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into pit=Location | |||
| 6 | task | subjects = subject | nom task «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/16/52/