The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 17, sentence 29
Just then I heard that there was a trading ship ready to sail, and taking leave of my friend I went on board, carrying with me a goodly store of cocoanuts; and we sailed first to the islands where pepper grows, then to Comari where the best aloes wood is found, and where men drink no wine by an unalterable law.
Who acts: I, trading ship, we, pepper, men · What happens: hear, be, sail, take, go, carry · To what, where: leave, friend, board, goodly store, islands, aloes wood · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, trading ship, we, pepper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Just | just | ADV | _ | 4 heard | advmod |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 heard | advmod |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 was | mark |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 7 was | expl |
| 7 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | ccomp |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 ship | det |
| 9 | trading | trading | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ship | compound |
| 10 | ship | ship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 was | nsubj |
| 11 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 ship | amod |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 sail | mark |
| 13 | sail | sail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 ready | xcomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 taking | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 taking | cc |
| 16 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 heard | parataxis |
| 17 | leave | leave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 taking | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 friend | case |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 friend | nmod:poss |
| 20 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 leave | nmod |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 went | nsubj |
| 22 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 friend | acl:relcl |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 board | case |
| 24 | board | board | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 went | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 carrying | punct |
| 26 | carrying | carry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 taking | conj |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 me | case |
| 28 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 carrying | obl |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 store | det |
| 30 | goodly | goodly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 store | amod |
| 31 | store | store | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 carrying | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 cocoanuts | case |
| 33 | cocoanuts | cocoanut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 store | nmod |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 sailed | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 sailed | cc |
| 36 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 sailed | nsubj |
| 37 | sailed | sail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | conj |
| 38 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 37 sailed | advmod |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 islands | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 islands | det |
| 41 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 sailed | obl |
| 42 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 44 grows | advmod |
| 43 | pepper | pepper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 grows | nsubj |
| 44 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 islands | acl:relcl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 found | punct |
| 46 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 55 found | advmod |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 48 Comari | case |
| 48 | Comari | Comari | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 found | obl |
| 49 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 55 found | advmod |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 wood | det |
| 51 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 52 aloes | amod |
| 52 | aloes | aloe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 53 wood | compound |
| 53 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 found | nsubj:pass |
| 54 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 55 found | aux:pass |
| 55 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 sailed | conj |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 drink | punct |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 60 drink | cc |
| 58 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 60 drink | advmod |
| 59 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 60 drink | nsubj |
| 60 | drink | drink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | parataxis |
| 61 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 62 wine | det |
| 62 | wine | wine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 drink | obj |
| 63 | by | by | ADP | _ | 66 law | case |
| 64 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 66 law | det |
| 65 | unalterable | unalterable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 66 law | amod |
| 66 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 drink | obl |
| 67 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | I | then | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | be | past | a trading ship | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | sail | to-infinitive | a trading ship not said here | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | take | gerund | leave of my friend | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leave=Theme | |||||
| 5 | go | past | I | my friend not said here | board | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location friend=Theme | |||
| 6 | carry | gerund | a goodly store of cocoanuts | with me | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent store=Theme | ||||
| 7 | sail | past | we | the islands | first property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to island=Trajectory | |||
| 8 | grow | present | pepper | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | find | present · passive | the aloes wood | Comari | then | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||
| 10 | drink | present | men | no wine | by a unalterable law | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/17/29/