The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 17, sentence 44

The mountain formed the seaward boundary of a large island, and the narrow strip of rocky shore upon which we stood was strewn with the wreckage of a thousand gallant ships, while the bones of the luckless mariners shone white in the sunshine, and we shuddered to think how soon our own would be added to the heap.

Who acts: mountain, we, bones · What happens: form, stand, strewn, shine, shudder, think · To what, where: seaward boundary, rocky shore, narrow strip, sunshine

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mountain, we, bones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mountain	det
2	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 formed	nsubj
3	formed	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 boundary	det
5	seaward	seaward	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 boundary	amod
6	boundary	boundary	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 formed	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 island	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 island	det
9	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 island	amod
10	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 boundary	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 strewn	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 strewn	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 strip	det
14	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 strip	amod
15	strip	strip	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 strewn	nsubj:pass
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 shore	case
17	rocky	rocky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 shore	amod
18	shore	shore	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 strip	nmod
19	upon	upon	ADP	_	20 which	case
20	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	22 stood	obl
21	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 stood	nsubj
22	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 shore	acl:relcl
23	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 strewn	aux:pass
24	strewn	strewn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 formed	parataxis
25	with	with	ADP	_	27 wreckage	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 wreckage	det
27	wreckage	wreckage	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 strewn	obl
28	of	of	ADP	_	32 ships	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 thousand	det
30	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	32 ships	nummod
31	gallant	gallant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 ships	amod
32	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 wreckage	nmod
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 shone	punct
34	while	while	SCONJ	_	41 shone	mark
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 bones	det
36	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 shone	nsubj
37	of	of	ADP	_	40 mariners	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 mariners	det
39	luckless	luckless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 mariners	amod
40	mariners	mariner	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 bones	nmod
41	shone	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 strewn	parataxis
42	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 shone	xcomp
43	in	in	ADP	_	45 sunshine	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 sunshine	det
45	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 shone	obl
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 shuddered	punct
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	49 shuddered	cc
48	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	49 shuddered	nsubj
49	shuddered	shudder	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	58 added	advcl
50	to	to	PART	_	51 think	mark
51	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	49 shuddered	xcomp
52	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	53 soon	advmod
53	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	51 think	advmod
54	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	55 own	nmod:poss
55	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	53 soon	obl
56	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	58 added	aux
57	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	58 added	aux:pass
58	added	add	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 formed	parataxis
59	to	to	ADP	_	61 heap	case
60	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	61 heap	det
61	heap	heap	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 added	obl
62	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 formed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	form	past	the mountain	the seaward boundary of a large island			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location boundary=Theme
2	stand	past	we		rocky shore		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon which=Location
3	strewn	past · passive		the narrow strip of rocky shore		with the wreckage of thousand gallant ships	tree rules
4	shine	past	the bones of the luckless mariners		the sunshine	white property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sunshine=Location
5	shudder	past	we				tree rules
6	think speech: other	to-infinitive	we not said here			soon property	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	add speech: assert	would · passive				to the heap	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: to heap=Co-Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/17/44/