The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 18, sentence 83
I thought now that my last hour was surely come; but the huge creature, picking me up gently enough, set me upon its back, where I clung more dead than alive, and followed by the whole herd turned and crashed off into the dense forest.
Who acts: I, huge creature, whole herd · What happens: think, come, pick up, set, cling, follow · To what, where: last hour, me, back, more dead, dense forest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, huge creature, whole herd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 thought | nsubj |
| 2 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 thought | advmod |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 come | mark |
| 5 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 hour | nmod:poss |
| 6 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 hour | amod |
| 7 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 come | nsubj |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 come | aux:pass |
| 9 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 10 come | advmod |
| 10 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 thought | ccomp |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 creature | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 creature | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 creature | det |
| 14 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 creature | amod |
| 15 | creature | creature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 thought | ccomp |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 picking | punct |
| 17 | picking | pick | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 creature | acl |
| 18 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 picking | obj |
| 19 | up | up | ADP | _ | 17 picking | compound:prt |
| 20 | gently | gently | ADV | _ | 17 picking | advmod |
| 21 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 17 picking | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 set | punct |
| 23 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 15 creature | parataxis |
| 24 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 set | obj |
| 25 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 27 back | case |
| 26 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 back | nmod:poss |
| 27 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 set | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 clung | punct |
| 29 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 31 clung | advmod |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 clung | nsubj |
| 31 | clung | cling | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 set | conj |
| 32 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 33 dead | amod |
| 33 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 clung | obj |
| 34 | than | than | ADP | _ | 35 alive | case |
| 35 | alive | alive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 dead | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 followed | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 followed | cc |
| 38 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 clung | parataxis |
| 39 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 43 turned | mark |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 herd | det |
| 41 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 herd | amod |
| 42 | herd | herd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 turned | nsubj |
| 43 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 followed | advcl |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 crashed | cc |
| 45 | crashed | crash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 turned | conj |
| 46 | off | off | ADP | _ | 45 crashed | compound:prt |
| 47 | into | into | ADP | _ | 50 forest | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 forest | det |
| 49 | dense | dense | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 forest | amod |
| 50 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 crashed | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | I | now | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | come | past · passive | my last hour | surely property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | pick up | gerund | the huge creature not said here | me | enough, gently property | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Topic | |||
| 4 | set | infinitive | me | creature's back | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme upon back=Destination | ||||
| 5 | cling | past | I | more dead | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location dead=Theme | ||||
| 6 | follow | participle | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | turn | past | the whole herd | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | crash off | past | the whole herd not said here | into the dense forest result | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into forest=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/18/83/