The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 19, sentence 97
Now the purveyor's speech had been made in a loud voice, and was heard by all the crowd, and even if he had wished it, the chief of police could not have escaped setting the merchant free.
Who acts: crowd, purveyor · What happens: make, hear, wish, not escape, set, speak · To what, where: speech, loud voice, chief · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crowd, purveyor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 speech | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 purveyor | det |
| 3 | purveyor | purveyor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 speech | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 purveyor | case |
| 5 | speech | speech | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 made | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 made | aux |
| 7 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 made | aux:pass |
| 8 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 voice | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 voice | det |
| 11 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 voice | amod |
| 12 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 made | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 heard | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 heard | cc |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 heard | aux:pass |
| 16 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 made | conj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 crowd | case |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 crowd | det:predet |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 crowd | det |
| 20 | crowd | crowd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 heard | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 wished | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 wished | cc |
| 23 | even | even | ADV | _ | 27 wished | advmod |
| 24 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 27 wished | mark |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 wished | nsubj |
| 26 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 wished | aux |
| 27 | wished | wish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 heard | conj |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 wished | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 chief | punct |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 chief | det |
| 31 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 escaped | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 police | case |
| 33 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 chief | nmod |
| 34 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 escaped | aux |
| 35 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 37 escaped | advmod |
| 36 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 37 escaped | aux |
| 37 | escaped | escape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 made | parataxis |
| 38 | setting | set | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 escaped | xcomp |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 merchant | det |
| 40 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 free | obl:unmarked |
| 41 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 setting | xcomp |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past · perfect · passive | the purveyor's speech | a loud voice | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 2 | hear | past · passive | all crowd | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | wish a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect | purveyor | speech | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not escape | could · perfect · passive | the chief of police | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | set | gerund | free property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | speak | the purveyor | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/19/97/