The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 21, sentence 108
No food was brought, but the Barmecide pretended to help himself from a dish, and carry a morsel to his mouth, saying as he did so, "Eat, my friend, eat, I entreat.
Who acts: Barmecide, I · What happens: bring, pretend, help, carry, say, do · To what, where: food, Barmecide, dish, morsel, mouth, friend · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Barmecide, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 food | det |
| 2 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 brought | aux:pass |
| 4 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 pretended | punct |
| 6 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 pretended | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Barmecide | det |
| 8 | Barmecide | Barmecide | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 pretended | nsubj |
| 9 | pretended | pretend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 brought | conj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 help | mark |
| 11 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 pretended | xcomp |
| 12 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 11 help | obj |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 dish | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 dish | det |
| 15 | dish | dish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 help | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 carry | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 carry | cc |
| 18 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 brought | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 morsel | det |
| 20 | morsel | morsel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 carry | obj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 mouth | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 23 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 carry | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 saying | punct |
| 25 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 carry | advcl |
| 26 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 28 did | mark |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 did | nsubj |
| 28 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 Eat | advcl |
| 29 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 did | advmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 did | punct |
| 31 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 Eat | punct |
| 32 | Eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 saying | ccomp |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 friend | punct |
| 34 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 friend | nmod:poss |
| 35 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 Eat | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 eat | punct |
| 37 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 Eat | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 entreat | punct |
| 39 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 entreat | nsubj |
| 40 | entreat | entreat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 Eat | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | past · passive | no food | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | pretend | past | the Barmecide | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | help | to-infinitive | the Barmecide not said here | Barmecide | a dish | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary | |||
| 4 | carry | infinitive | a morsel | Barmecide's mouth | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent morsel=Theme to mouth=Destination | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | gerund | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 6 | do | past | Barmecide | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | eat in a quote | infinitive | my friend | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | eat in a quote | infinitive | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 9 | entreat in a quote | infinitive | I | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/21/108/