The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 23, sentence 52
The king, his father, wanted to force him to marry, and on the prince's refusal to obey he has been imprisoned in an old tower where I have just seen him."
Who acts: king, Charming, I, prince · What happens: want, force, marry, obey, imprison, see · To what, where: refusal, Charming, old tower
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, Charming, I, prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 king | det |
| 2 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wanted | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 father | punct |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 father | nmod:poss |
| 5 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 king | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 king | punct |
| 7 | wanted | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 force | mark |
| 9 | force | force | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 wanted | xcomp |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 force | obj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 marry | mark |
| 12 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 force | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 refusal | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 refusal | cc |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 refusal | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 prince | det |
| 17 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 refusal | nmod:poss |
| 18 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 17 prince | case |
| 19 | refusal | refusal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wanted | obl |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 obey | mark |
| 21 | obey | obey | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 refusal | acl |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 imprisoned | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 imprisoned | aux |
| 24 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 imprisoned | aux:pass |
| 25 | imprisoned | imprison | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 obey | ccomp |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 tower | case |
| 27 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 tower | det |
| 28 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 tower | amod |
| 29 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 imprisoned | obl |
| 30 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 34 seen | advmod |
| 31 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 seen | nsubj |
| 32 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 seen | aux |
| 33 | just | just | ADV | _ | 34 seen | advmod |
| 34 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 tower | acl:relcl |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 seen | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 wanted | punct |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 wanted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | want | past | the king and Charming's father | the prince's refusal | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | force not said to happen | to-infinitive | the king and Charming's father not said here | Charming | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | marry not said to happen | to-infinitive | Charming not said here | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | obey | to-infinitive | the king and Charming's father not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | imprison | present · perfect · passive | Charming | a old tower | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in tower=Destination | ||||
| 6 | see | present · perfect | I | Charming | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | refuse | the prince | nom refusal «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/23/52/