The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 25, sentence 100

The gardener, a good old man, who was at work, happened to look up, and, seeing a stranger, whom he recognised by his dress as a Mussulman, he told him to come in at once and to shut the door.

Who acts: good old man, gardener · What happens: be, happen, look up, see, recognise, tell · To what, where: work, stranger, strength, door · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (good old man, gardener), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gardener	det
2	gardener	gardener	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 happened	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 man	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 man	det
5	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 man	amod
6	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 man	amod
7	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gardener	appos
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 work	punct
9	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 work	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 work	cop
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 work	case
12	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 man	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 gardener	punct
14	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	to	to	PART	_	16 look	mark
16	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 happened	xcomp
17	up	up	ADP	_	16 look	compound:prt
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 told	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 told	cc
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 seeing	punct
21	seeing	see	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	36 told	ccomp
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 stranger	det
23	stranger	stranger	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 seeing	obj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 recognised	punct
25	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 recognised	obj
26	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 recognised	nsubj
27	recognised	recognise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 stranger	acl:relcl
28	by	by	ADP	_	30 dress	case
29	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	30 dress	nmod:poss
30	dress	dress	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 recognised	obl
31	as	as	ADP	_	33 Mussulman	case
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 Mussulman	det
33	Mussulman	Mussulman	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 recognised	obl
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 seeing	punct
35	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 told	nsubj
36	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 happened	conj
37	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 told	iobj
38	to	to	PART	_	39 come	mark
39	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	36 told	xcomp
40	in	in	ADV	_	39 come	advmod
41	at	at	ADP	_	42 once	case
42	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	39 come	obl
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	45 shut	cc
44	to	to	PART	_	45 shut	mark
45	shut	shut	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	39 come	conj
46	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	47 door	det
47	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 shut	obj
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 happened	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	past	a good old man			work		tree rules
2	happen	past	the gardener					tree rules
3	look up	to-infinitive	the gardener not said here					vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
4	see	gerund		a stranger				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer stranger=Stimulus
5	recognise	past	gardener	a stranger			by gardener's dress; as a Mussulman	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus as mussulman=Attribute
6	tell speech: assert	past	gardener		strength			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic
7	come in not said to happen	to-infinitive	gardener not said here					vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location
8	shut	to-infinitive	gardener not said here	the door				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/25/100/