The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 28, sentence 22
Noureddin availed himself of every opportunity to gaze upon her beauty, to talk and laugh with her, and never would have left her side if his mother had not forced him.
Who acts: Noureddin · What happens: avail, gaze, talk, laugh, not leave, not force · To what, where: vizir, side, mother
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Noureddin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Noureddin | Noureddin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 availed | nsubj |
| 2 | availed | avail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 2 availed | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 opportunity | case |
| 5 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 opportunity | det |
| 6 | opportunity | opportunity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 availed | obl |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 gaze | mark |
| 8 | gaze | gaze | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 availed | advcl |
| 9 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 11 beauty | case |
| 10 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 beauty | nmod:poss |
| 11 | beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gaze | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 talk | punct |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 talk | mark |
| 14 | talk | talk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 gaze | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 laugh | cc |
| 16 | laugh | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 talk | conj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 her | case |
| 18 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 laugh | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 left | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 left | cc |
| 21 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 24 left | advmod |
| 22 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 left | aux |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 left | aux |
| 24 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 availed | parataxis |
| 25 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 side | nmod:poss |
| 26 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 left | obj |
| 27 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 32 forced | mark |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 mother | nmod:poss |
| 29 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 forced | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 forced | aux |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 forced | advmod |
| 32 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 left | advcl |
| 33 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 forced | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 availed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | avail | past | Noureddin | vizir | of every opportunity | tree rules | |||
| 2 | gaze | to-infinitive | Noureddin not said here | upon Noureddin's beauty | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon beauty=Theme | ||||
| 3 | talk | to-infinitive | Noureddin not said here | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | laugh | infinitive | Noureddin not said here | with Noureddin | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | not leave | would · perfect | Noureddin's side | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Theme | |||||
| 6 | not force a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect · passive | vizir's mother | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/28/22/