The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 3, sentence 81
This smoke rose up to the clouds, and stretching over the sea and the shore, formed a thick mist, which caused the fisherman much astonishment.
Who acts: smoke, thick mist · What happens: rise up, stretch, form, cause · To what, where: clouds, sea, thick mist, fisherman
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (smoke, thick mist), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 smoke | det |
| 2 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 rose | nsubj |
| 3 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 rose | compound:prt |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 clouds | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 clouds | det |
| 7 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 rose | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 formed | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 formed | cc |
| 10 | stretching | stretch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 formed | advcl |
| 11 | over | over | ADP | _ | 13 sea | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 sea | det |
| 13 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 stretching | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 shore | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 shore | det |
| 16 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sea | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 stretching | punct |
| 18 | formed | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 rose | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 mist | det |
| 20 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 mist | amod |
| 21 | mist | mist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 formed | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 caused | punct |
| 23 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 caused | nsubj |
| 24 | caused | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 mist | acl:relcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 fisherman | det |
| 26 | fisherman | fisherman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 caused | obj |
| 27 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 astonishment | amod |
| 28 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 fisherman | conj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 rose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise up | past | this smoke | the clouds | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to cloud=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | stretch | gerund | the sea and the shore | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over sea=Location | |||||
| 3 | form | past | this smoke not said here | a thick mist | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mist=Theme | ||||
| 4 | cause | past | a thick mist | the fisherman and much astonishment | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fisherman=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/3/81/