The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 32, sentence 116
"Commander of the Faithful," said he, "I have taken on myself to remind your Highness that you have undertaken secretly to observe for yourself the manner in which justice is done and order is kept throughout the city.
Who acts: Commander · What happens: say, take, remind, undertake, observe, do · To what, where: Highness, manner, justice, order, city · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Commander), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Commander | punct |
| 2 | Commander | Commander | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 said | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Faithful | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Faithful | det |
| 5 | Faithful | faithful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 Commander | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Commander | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Commander | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 said | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 taken | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 taken | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 taken | nsubj |
| 13 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 taken | aux |
| 14 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 said | conj |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 myself | case |
| 16 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 14 taken | obl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 remind | mark |
| 18 | remind | remind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 taken | advcl |
| 19 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 Highness | nmod:poss |
| 20 | Highness | highness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 done | nsubj |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 undertaken | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 24 undertaken | nsubj |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 undertaken | aux |
| 24 | undertaken | undertake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 Highness | acl:relcl |
| 25 | secretly | secretly | ADV | _ | 24 undertaken | advmod |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 observe | mark |
| 27 | observe | observe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 undertaken | xcomp |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 yourself | case |
| 29 | yourself | yourself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 27 observe | obl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 manner | det |
| 31 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 observe | obj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 justice | case |
| 33 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 34 justice | det |
| 34 | justice | justice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 observe | obl |
| 35 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 done | aux:pass |
| 36 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 remind | ccomp |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 kept | cc |
| 38 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 kept | aux:pass |
| 40 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 done | conj |
| 41 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 43 city | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 city | det |
| 43 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 kept | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Commander of the Faithful | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | take in a quote | present · perfect | Commander of the Faithful = commander | on Commander of the Faithful = commander | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on myself=Destination | ||||
| 3 | remind speech: other in a quote | to-infinitive | Commander of the Faithful = commander not said here | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | undertake in a quote | present · perfect · passive | your Highness | secretly property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | observe in a quote | to-infinitive | the manner | which justice | for yourself | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent manner=Location for yourself=Theme | |||
| 6 | do in a quote | present · passive | your Highness | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | keep in a quote | present · passive | order | the city | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme throughout city=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/32/116/