The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 35, sentence 32
I sat with my eyes fixed on him, and he never left the house without having me at his heels; and if it ever happened that when he was preparing to go out I was asleep, and did not notice, he would call "Rufus, Rufus," for that was the name he gave me.
Who acts: I, dog, it, that · What happens: sit, fix, not leave, have, happen, prepare · To what, where: eyes, house, me, heels, name · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, dog, it, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 sat | nsubj |
| 2 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 eyes | case |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 5 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 sat | obl |
| 6 | fixed | fix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 eyes | acl |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 him | case |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 fixed | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 left | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 left | cc |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 left | nsubj |
| 12 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 13 left | advmod |
| 13 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 sat | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 house | det |
| 15 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 left | obj |
| 16 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 17 having | mark |
| 17 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 left | advcl |
| 18 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 having | obj |
| 19 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 heels | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 heels | nmod:poss |
| 21 | heels | heel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 having | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 happened | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 happened | cc |
| 24 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 27 happened | mark |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 happened | nsubj |
| 26 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 27 happened | advmod |
| 27 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 sat | parataxis |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 preparing | mark |
| 29 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 32 preparing | mark |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 preparing | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 preparing | aux |
| 32 | preparing | prepare | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 happened | advcl |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 go | mark |
| 34 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 preparing | xcomp |
| 35 | out | out | ADV | _ | 34 go | advmod |
| 36 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 asleep | nsubj |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 asleep | cop |
| 38 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 go | xcomp |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 notice | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 notice | cc |
| 41 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 notice | aux |
| 42 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 43 notice | advmod |
| 43 | notice | notice | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 happened | conj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 call | punct |
| 45 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 call | nsubj |
| 46 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 47 call | aux |
| 47 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 notice | conj |
| 48 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 Rufus | punct |
| 49 | Rufus | Rufus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 call | xcomp |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 Rufus | punct |
| 51 | Rufus | Rufus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 Rufus | conj |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 Rufus | punct |
| 53 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 Rufus | punct |
| 54 | for | for | ADP | _ | 58 name | case |
| 55 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 58 name | nsubj |
| 56 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 name | cop |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 name | det |
| 58 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 call | obl |
| 59 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 gave | nsubj |
| 60 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 58 name | acl:relcl |
| 61 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 60 gave | iobj |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | past | I | with my eyes | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | fix | participle | my eyes not said here | on dog | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | not leave | past | dog | the house | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have | gerund | dog not said here | me | dog's heels | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient | |||
| 5 | happen a condition, not said to happen | past | it | ever | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | prepare | past · progressive | dog | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute | |||||
| 7 | go out not said to happen | to-infinitive | dog not said here | out property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | is | past | I | asleep property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | not notice | past · do-support | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 10 | call | would | dog | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 11 | is | past | that | for the name | tree rules | ||||
| 12 | give | past | dog | the name not said here | me | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/35/32/