The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 36, sentence 88
The merchant, on his side, stuck to his story, and offered to swear solemnly that not only had he never stolen the thousand gold pieces, but that he did not even know they were there.
Who acts: Ali, pieces · What happens: stick, offer, swear, not have, not steal, not know · To what, where: merchant, thousand gold pieces · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ali, pieces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 merchant | det |
| 2 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 offered | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 side | punct |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 side | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 side | nmod:poss |
| 6 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 merchant | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 stuck | punct |
| 8 | stuck | stick | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 merchant | acl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 story | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 story | nmod:poss |
| 11 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 stuck | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 offered | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 offered | cc |
| 14 | offered | offer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 swear | mark |
| 16 | swear | swear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 offered | xcomp |
| 17 | solemnly | solemnly | ADV | _ | 16 swear | advmod |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 had | mark |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 had | advmod |
| 20 | only | only | ADV | _ | 21 had | advmod |
| 21 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 swear | advcl |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 stolen | nsubj |
| 23 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 24 stolen | advmod |
| 24 | stolen | steal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 had | ccomp |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 pieces | det |
| 26 | thousand | thousand | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 pieces | nummod |
| 27 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 pieces | compound |
| 28 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 stolen | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 know | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 know | cc |
| 31 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 36 know | mark |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 know | nsubj |
| 33 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 know | aux |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 36 know | advmod |
| 35 | even | even | ADV | _ | 36 know | advmod |
| 36 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 offered | conj |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 there | nsubj |
| 38 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 there | cop |
| 39 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 36 know | ccomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 offered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stick | participle | the merchant and Ali's side not said here | to Ali's story | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to story=Co-Patient | ||||
| 2 | offer | participle · passive | the merchant and Ali's side | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | swear not said to happen | to-infinitive | solemnly property | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | not have | past | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | not steal | participle | Ali | the thousand gold pieces | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location piece=Theme | ||||
| 6 | not know | past · do-support | Ali | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 7 | is | past | pieces = piece | there property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/36/88/