The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 48
The sun was setting, and the monarch was about to give his court the signal to retire, when suddenly an Indian appeared before his throne, leading a horse richly harnessed, and looking in every respect exactly like a real one.
Who acts: sun, monarch, Indian · What happens: set, be, give, retire, appear, lead · To what, where: signal, court, throne, horse
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, monarch, Indian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sun | det |
| 2 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 setting | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 setting | aux |
| 4 | setting | set | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 about | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 about | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 monarch | det |
| 8 | monarch | monarch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 about | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 about | cop |
| 10 | about | about | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 setting | parataxis |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 give | mark |
| 12 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 about | xcomp |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 court | nmod:poss |
| 14 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 give | iobj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 signal | det |
| 16 | signal | signal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 give | obj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 retire | mark |
| 18 | retire | retire | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 signal | acl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 appeared | punct |
| 20 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 24 appeared | mark |
| 21 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 23 Indian | advmod |
| 22 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 Indian | det |
| 23 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 appeared | nsubj |
| 24 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 setting | conj |
| 25 | before | before | ADP | _ | 27 throne | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 throne | nmod:poss |
| 27 | throne | throne | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 appeared | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 leading | punct |
| 29 | leading | lead | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 appeared | advcl |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 horse | det |
| 31 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 leading | obj |
| 32 | richly | richly | ADV | _ | 33 harnessed | advmod |
| 33 | harnessed | harness | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 leading | advcl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 looking | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 looking | cc |
| 36 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 setting | conj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 respect | case |
| 38 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 39 respect | det |
| 39 | respect | respect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 looking | obl |
| 40 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 44 one | advmod |
| 41 | like | like | ADP | _ | 44 one | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 one | det |
| 43 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 one | amod |
| 44 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 looking | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 setting | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past · progressive | the sun | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | is | past | the monarch | about property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | give | to-infinitive | the monarch not said here | the signal | sun's court | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent court=Recipient signal=Theme | |||
| 4 | retire | to-infinitive | the monarch not said here | the signal not said here | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | appear | past | a Indian | sun's throne | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before throne=Location | ||||
| 6 | lead | gerund | a Indian not said here | a horse | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | ||||
| 7 | harness | participle | a Indian not said here | richly property | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 8 | look | gerund | the sun not said here | like a real one; in every respect | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in respect=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/48/