The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 39, sentence 4
The princess could not find words in which to reply to the arguments of the Prince of Persia, but her silence and her downcast eyes spoke for her, and declared that she had no objection to accompanying him on his travels.
Who acts: princess, silence · What happens: not find, reply, speak, declare, have, accompany · To what, where: words, objection, Persia, Prince · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princess, silence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 princess | det |
| 2 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 find | nsubj |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 find | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 find | advmod |
| 5 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 find | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 which | case |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 reply | obl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 reply | mark |
| 10 | reply | reply | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 words | acl:relcl |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 arguments | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 arguments | det |
| 13 | arguments | argument | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 reply | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 Prince | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Prince | det |
| 16 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 arguments | nmod |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Persia | case |
| 18 | Persia | Persia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Prince | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 spoke | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 spoke | cc |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 silence | nmod:poss |
| 22 | silence | silence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 spoke | nsubj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 eyes | cc |
| 24 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 25 | downcast | downcast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 eyes | compound |
| 26 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 silence | conj |
| 27 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 reply | parataxis |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 her | case |
| 29 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 spoke | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 declared | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 declared | cc |
| 32 | declared | declare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 find | conj |
| 33 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 had | mark |
| 34 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 had | nsubj |
| 35 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 declared | ccomp |
| 36 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 37 objection | det |
| 37 | objection | objection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 had | obj |
| 38 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 39 accompanying | mark |
| 39 | accompanying | accompany | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 objection | acl |
| 40 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 accompanying | obj |
| 41 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 43 travels | mark |
| 42 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 travels | nmod:poss |
| 43 | travels | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 accompanying | advcl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 find | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not find | could | the princess | words | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic | ||||
| 2 | reply speech: assert | to-infinitive | the princess not said here | words not said here | words | to the arguments of the Prince of Persia | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to argument=Theme | ||
| 3 | speak speech: other | past | Princess's silence and Princess's downcast eyes | for Princess | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | declare speech: other | past | the princess not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | have | past | Princess | no objection | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent objection=Patient | ||||
| 6 | accompany | gerund | Princess not said here | Persia | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 7 | travel | present | Princess not said here | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | argue | the Prince of Persia | nom argument «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 9 | silence | Princess | nom silence «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/4/