The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 39, sentence 5
The only difficulty that occurred to her was that Prince Firouz Schah did not know how to manage the horse, and she dreaded lest they might find themselves in the same plight as before.
Who acts: only difficulty, Firouz, silence · What happens: occur, not be, manage, dread, find · To what, where: Princess, horse, silence, same plight · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (only difficulty, Firouz, silence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 difficulty | det |
| 2 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 difficulty | amod |
| 3 | difficulty | difficulty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 know | nsubj |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 occurred | nsubj |
| 5 | occurred | occur | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 difficulty | acl:relcl |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 her | case |
| 7 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 occurred | obl |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 know | cop |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 know | mark |
| 10 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Firouz | nmod:desc |
| 11 | Firouz | Firouz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 know | nsubj |
| 12 | Schah | Schah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Firouz | flat |
| 13 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 know | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 know | advmod |
| 15 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 16 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 manage | advmod |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 manage | mark |
| 18 | manage | manage | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 know | ccomp |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 horse | det |
| 20 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 manage | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 dreaded | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 dreaded | cc |
| 23 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 dreaded | nsubj |
| 24 | dreaded | dread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 know | conj |
| 25 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 28 find | mark |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 find | nsubj |
| 27 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 find | aux |
| 28 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 dreaded | ccomp |
| 29 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 28 find | obj |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 plight | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 plight | det |
| 32 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 plight | amod |
| 33 | plight | plight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 find | obl |
| 34 | as | as | ADP | _ | 35 before | case |
| 35 | before | before | ADV | _ | 28 find | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 know | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | occur | past | the only difficulty | Princess | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not is | past · do-support | the only difficulty | know property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | manage | to-infinitive | the horse | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | |||||
| 4 | dread | past | Firouz | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | find | might | silence | silence | the same plight | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme as before=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/5/