The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 42, sentence 68
"Madam," said the dervish, "they are far more beautiful than any description, but you seem ignorant of all the difficulties that stand in your way, or you would hardly have undertaken such an adventure.
Who acts: Madam, descriptions, you, difficulties · What happens: say, be, seem, stand, undertake · To what, where: dervish, ignorant, way, adventure · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 42. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Madam, descriptions, you, difficulties), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Madam | punct |
| 2 | Madam | madam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Madam | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Madam | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dervish | det |
| 7 | dervish | dervish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 beautiful | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 beautiful | punct |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 beautiful | nsubj |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 beautiful | cop |
| 12 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 13 more | advmod |
| 13 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 14 beautiful | advmod |
| 14 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 said | conj |
| 15 | than | than | ADP | _ | 17 description | case |
| 16 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 17 description | det |
| 17 | description | description | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 beautiful | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 seem | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 seem | cc |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 seem | nsubj |
| 21 | seem | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | conj |
| 22 | ignorant | ignorant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 seem | obj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 difficulties | case |
| 24 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 26 difficulties | det:predet |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 difficulties | det |
| 26 | difficulties | difficulty | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 ignorant | nmod |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 stand | nsubj |
| 28 | stand | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 difficulties | acl:relcl |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 way | case |
| 30 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 way | nmod:poss |
| 31 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 stand | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 undertaken | punct |
| 33 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 38 undertaken | cc |
| 34 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 undertaken | nsubj |
| 35 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 undertaken | aux |
| 36 | hardly | hardly | ADV | _ | 38 undertaken | advmod |
| 37 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 38 undertaken | aux |
| 38 | undertaken | undertake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 said | parataxis |
| 39 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 41 adventure | det:predet |
| 40 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 adventure | det |
| 41 | adventure | adventure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 undertaken | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Madam | the dervish | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | descriptions = description | than any description; beautiful property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | seem in a quote | present | you | ignorant of all difficulties | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ignorant=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | stand in a quote | present | all difficulties | your way | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location | ||||
| 5 | undertake in a quote | would · perfect | you | such adventure | hardly property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adventure=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/42/68/