The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 8, sentence 23
By this time it had grown late, and we did not know where to spend the night.
Who acts: fate, we · What happens: grow, not know, spend · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fate, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 grown | obl |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 grown | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 grown | aux |
| 6 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 7 | late | late | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 grown | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 know | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 know | cc |
| 10 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 know | nsubj |
| 11 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 know | aux |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 know | advmod |
| 13 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 grown | conj |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 16 spend | advmod |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 spend | mark |
| 16 | spend | spend | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 13 know | ccomp |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 night | det |
| 18 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 spend | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 grown | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | past · perfect | fate | time | late property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | not know | past · do-support | we | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | spend | to-infinitive | night | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/8/23/