More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 11, sentence 2
And they stumbled and stottered along the paths into the midst of the bogs; they saw nought, though they heard sighings and flutterings in their ears, and felt cold wet fingers touching them; but all at once, looking around for the coffin, the candle, and the cross, while they came nigh to the pool beside the great snag, where the Moon lay buried.
Who acts: darklings, cold wet fingers, Moon · What happens: stumble, stotter, see, hear, feel, touch · To what, where: midst, nought, sighings, ears, cold wet fingers, darklings
This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (darklings, cold wet fingers, Moon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 stumbled | cc |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 stumbled | nsubj |
| 3 | stumbled | stumble | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 stottered | cc |
| 5 | stottered | stotter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 stumbled | conj |
| 6 | along | along | ADP | _ | 8 paths | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 paths | det |
| 8 | paths | path | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 stottered | obl |
| 9 | into | into | ADP | _ | 11 midst | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 midst | det |
| 11 | midst | midst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stottered | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 bogs | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 bogs | det |
| 14 | bogs | bog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 midst | nmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 saw | punct |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 saw | nsubj |
| 17 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stumbled | conj |
| 18 | nought | nought | PRON | PronType=Neg | 17 saw | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 heard | punct |
| 20 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 22 heard | mark |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 heard | nsubj |
| 22 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 saw | parataxis |
| 23 | sighings | sighing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 heard | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 flutterings | cc |
| 25 | flutterings | fluttering | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 sighings | conj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 ears | case |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 ears | nmod:poss |
| 28 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 heard | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 felt | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 felt | cc |
| 31 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 heard | conj |
| 32 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 fingers | amod |
| 33 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 fingers | amod |
| 34 | fingers | finger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 felt | obj |
| 35 | touching | touch | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 34 fingers | acl |
| 36 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 touching | obj |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 looking | punct |
| 38 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 43 looking | cc |
| 39 | all | all | ADV | _ | 43 looking | advmod |
| 40 | at | at | ADP | _ | 41 once | case |
| 41 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 39 all | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 looking | punct |
| 43 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 stumbled | advcl |
| 44 | around | around | ADV | _ | 43 looking | advmod |
| 45 | for | for | ADP | _ | 47 coffin | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 coffin | det |
| 47 | coffin | coffin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 looking | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 candle | punct |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 candle | det |
| 50 | candle | candle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 coffin | conj |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 cross | punct |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 cross | cc |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 cross | det |
| 54 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 looking | obl |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 came | punct |
| 56 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 58 came | mark |
| 57 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 came | nsubj |
| 58 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stumbled | conj |
| 59 | nigh | nigh | ADV | _ | 58 came | advmod |
| 60 | to | to | ADP | _ | 62 pool | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 62 pool | det |
| 62 | pool | pool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 came | obl |
| 63 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 66 snag | case |
| 64 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 66 snag | det |
| 65 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 66 snag | amod |
| 66 | snag | snag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 pool | nmod |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 71 lay | punct |
| 68 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 71 lay | advmod |
| 69 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 70 Moon | det |
| 70 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 71 lay | nsubj |
| 71 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 66 snag | acl:relcl |
| 72 | buried | bury | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 71 lay | xcomp |
| 73 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stumbled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stumble | past | darklings = darkling | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | stotter | participle | darklings = darkling not said here | the midst of the bogs | along the paths | tree rules | |||
| 3 | see | past | darklings = darkling | nought | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nought=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | hear | past | darklings = darkling | sighings and flutterings | darklings's ears | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sighing=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | feel | past | darklings = darkling not said here | cold wet fingers | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Theme | ||||
| 6 | touch | gerund | cold wet fingers not said here | darklings = darkling | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme | ||||
| 7 | look around | gerund | darklings = darkling not said here | the cross | for the coffin and the candle; all, around property | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for coffin=Theme | |||
| 8 | come | past | darklings = darkling | the pool beside the great snag | nigh property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to pool=Initial_Location | |||
| 9 | lie | past | the Moon | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | bury | participle | the Moon not said here | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/25/2/