More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 11, sentence 3

And all at once they stopped, quaking and mazed and skeery, for there was the great stone, half in, half out of the water, for all the world like a strange big coffin; and at the head was the black snag, stretching out its two arms in a dark gruesome cross, and on it a tiddy light flickered, like a dying candle.

Who acts: darklings, black snag, tiddy light · What happens: stop, quake, maze, be, stretch out, flicker · To what, where: water, great stone, black snag, head, two arms, cross

This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (darklings, black snag, tiddy light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	6 stopped	cc
2	all	all	ADV	_	6 stopped	advmod
3	at	at	SCONJ	_	6 stopped	mark
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	6 stopped	advmod
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 stopped	nsubj
6	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 quaking	punct
8	quaking	quake	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 stopped	advcl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 mazed	cc
10	mazed	maze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 stopped	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 skeery	cc
12	skeery	skeery	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mazed	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 stone	punct
14	for	for	SCONJ	_	16 was	mark
15	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	16 was	expl
16	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 stone	cop
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 stone	det
18	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 stone	amod
19	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mazed	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 half	punct
21	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	19 stone	conj
22	in	in	ADV	_	10 mazed	advmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 water	punct
24	half	half	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	28 water	advmod
25	out	out	ADP	_	28 water	case
26	of	of	ADP	_	28 water	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 water	det
28	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mazed	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 world	punct
30	for	for	ADP	_	33 world	case
31	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	33 world	det:predet
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 world	det
33	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mazed	obl
34	like	like	ADP	_	38 coffin	case
35	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 coffin	det
36	strange	strange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 coffin	amod
37	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 coffin	amod
38	coffin	coffin	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 world	nmod
39	;	;	PUNCT	_	47 snag	punct
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 snag	cc
41	at	at	ADP	_	43 head	case
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 head	det
43	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 snag	obl
44	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	47 snag	cop
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	47 snag	det
46	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	47 snag	amod
47	snag	snag	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stopped	conj
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 stretching	punct
49	stretching	stretch	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	47 snag	acl
50	out	out	ADP	_	49 stretching	compound:prt
51	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	53 arms	nmod:poss
52	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	53 arms	nummod
53	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	49 stretching	obj
54	in	in	ADP	_	58 cross	case
55	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	58 cross	det
56	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	58 cross	amod
57	gruesome	gruesome	ADJ	Degree=Pos	58 cross	amod
58	cross	cross	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 stretching	obl
59	,	,	PUNCT	_	66 flickered	punct
60	and	and	CCONJ	_	66 flickered	cc
61	on	on	ADP	_	62 it	case
62	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	66 flickered	obl
63	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	65 light	det
64	tiddy	tiddy	NOUN	Number=Sing	65 light	compound
65	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 flickered	nsubj
66	flickered	flicker	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 stopped	conj
67	,	,	PUNCT	_	71 candle	punct
68	like	like	ADP	_	71 candle	case
69	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	71 candle	det
70	dying	die	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	71 candle	amod
71	candle	candle	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 flickered	obl
72	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 stopped	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	stop	past	darklings = darkling			all, once property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	quake	gerund	darklings = darkling not said here				vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	maze	past	darklings = darkling not said here		the water	for all world like a strange big coffin	tree rules
4	is a	past		the great stone and half			tree rules
5	is a	past	darklings = darkling not said here	the black snag	the head		tree rules
6	stretch out	gerund	the black snag not said here	snag's two arms		in a dark gruesome cross	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent arm=Patient in cross=Topic
7	flicker	past	a tiddy light		cross	like a dying candle	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Location
8	die	gerund					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/25/3/