More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 16, sentence 1
"Now," said the Fish, "here you are, and yon's the stair; climb up, if you can, but hold on fast.
Who acts: Fish, yon · What happens: say, be, climb up, hold on · To what, where: stair · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fish, yon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 2 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 said | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Now | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Now | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Fish | det |
| 7 | Fish | Fish | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 here | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 here | punct |
| 10 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 said | ccomp |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 are | nsubj |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 here | cop |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 stair | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 stair | cc |
| 15 | yon | yon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 stair | nsubj |
| 16 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 stair | cop |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 stair | det |
| 18 | stair | stair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 climb | punct |
| 20 | climb | climb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | conj |
| 21 | up | up | ADP | _ | 20 climb | compound:prt |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 can | punct |
| 23 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 25 can | mark |
| 24 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 can | nsubj |
| 25 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 climb | advcl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 hold | punct |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 hold | cc |
| 28 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 climb | conj |
| 29 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 hold | compound:prt |
| 30 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 28 hold | advmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the Fish | now | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | here property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | yon | the stair | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | climb up in a quote | infinitive | the Fish not said here | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | hold on in a quote | infinitive | the Fish not said here | fast property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg14241/30/1/