Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Elderbush, sentence 1

Once upon a time there was a little boy who had taken cold.

Who acts: little boy · What happens: be, take

This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Elderbush. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	6 was	advmod
2	upon	upon	ADP	_	4 time	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 time	det
4	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Once	obl
5	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	6 was	expl
6	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 boy	det
8	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 boy	amod
9	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 was	nsubj
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 taken	nsubj
11	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 taken	aux
12	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 boy	acl:relcl
13	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 taken	xcomp
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 was	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	a little boy			there		once property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	take	past · perfect	a little boy					cold property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/17/1/