Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Bell, sentence 4
Those persons who were walking outside the town, where the houses were farther apart, with gardens or little fields between them, could see the evening sky still better, and heard the sound of the bell much more distinctly.
Who acts: persons, houses · What happens: walk, be, see, hear · To what, where: town, evening sky, sound
This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Bell. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (persons, houses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 persons | det |
| 2 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 see | nsubj |
| 3 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 walking | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 walking | aux |
| 5 | walking | walk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 persons | acl:relcl |
| 6 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 8 town | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 town | det |
| 8 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 walking | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 apart | punct |
| 10 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 15 apart | advmod |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 houses | det |
| 12 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 apart | nsubj |
| 13 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 apart | cop |
| 14 | farther | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 15 apart | advmod |
| 15 | apart | apart | ADV | _ | 8 town | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 apart | punct |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 gardens | case |
| 18 | gardens | garden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 walking | obl |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 fields | cc |
| 20 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 fields | amod |
| 21 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 gardens | conj |
| 22 | between | between | ADP | _ | 23 them | case |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 walking | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 persons | punct |
| 25 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 see | aux |
| 26 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 sky | det |
| 28 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sky | compound |
| 29 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 see | obj |
| 30 | still | still | ADV | _ | 31 better | advmod |
| 31 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 26 see | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 heard | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 heard | cc |
| 34 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 see | parataxis |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 sound | det |
| 36 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 heard | obj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 bell | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 bell | det |
| 39 | bell | bell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 sound | nmod |
| 40 | much | much | ADV | _ | 41 more | advmod |
| 41 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 42 distinctly | advmod |
| 42 | distinctly | distinctly | ADV | _ | 34 heard | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | past · progressive | that persons | the town | with gardens or little fields; between houses = house | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme outside town=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | is | past | the houses | apart, far property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | see | could | that persons | the evening sky | better obl | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sky=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | hear | past | the sound of the bell | distinctly property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/18/4/