Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, sentence 117
When a friendship is formed between men, they generally affirm it, when occasion offers, either in public or private, by drinking to each other and exclaiming, “thy health,” at the same time striking their glasses together.
Who acts: acquaintances, occasion, same time · What happens: form, affirm, offer, drink, exclaim, strike · To what, where: friendship, health, glasses
This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (acquaintances, occasion, same time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 formed | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 friendship | det |
| 3 | friendship | friendship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 formed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 formed | aux:pass |
| 5 | formed | form | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | between | between | ADP | _ | 7 men | case |
| 7 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 formed | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 affirm | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 affirm | nsubj |
| 10 | generally | generally | ADV | _ | 11 affirm | advmod |
| 11 | affirm | affirm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 formed | parataxis |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 affirm | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 offers | punct |
| 14 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 offers | advmod |
| 15 | occasion | occasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 offers | nsubj |
| 16 | offers | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 affirm | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 public | punct |
| 18 | either | either | CCONJ | _ | 20 public | cc:preconj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 public | case |
| 20 | public | public | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 offers | advcl |
| 21 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 22 private | cc |
| 22 | private | private | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 public | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 drinking | punct |
| 24 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 25 drinking | mark |
| 25 | drinking | drink | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 offers | advcl |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 each | case |
| 27 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 25 drinking | obl |
| 28 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 each | fixed |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 exclaiming | cc |
| 30 | exclaiming | exclaim | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 drinking | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 health | punct |
| 32 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 health | punct |
| 33 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 34 health | nmod:poss |
| 34 | health | health | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 exclaiming | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 exclaiming | punct |
| 36 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 exclaiming | punct |
| 37 | at | at | ADP | _ | 40 time | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 time | det |
| 39 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 time | amod |
| 40 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 exclaiming | obl |
| 41 | striking | strike | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 40 time | acl |
| 42 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 glasses | nmod:poss |
| 43 | glasses | glass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 striking | obj |
| 44 | together | together | ADV | _ | 41 striking | advmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 formed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | form | present · passive | a friendship | between men | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | affirm | present | acquaintances = acquaintance | friendship | generally property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | offer | present | occasion | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | drink | gerund | occasion not said here | to each | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | exclaim speech: express | gerund | occasion not said here | thy health | time | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent health=Topic | |||
| 6 | strike | gerund | the same time not said here | acquaintances's glasses | together property | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glass=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/23/117/