Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, sentence 116
* It is the custom in Denmark for intimate acquaintances to use the second person singular, “Du,” (thou) when speaking to each other.
Who acts: debt, intimate acquaintances, thou · What happens: be, use, speak · To what, where: custom, Denmark, second person · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (debt, intimate acquaintances, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | * | * | PUNCT | _ | 5 custom | punct |
| 2 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 custom | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 custom | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 custom | det |
| 5 | custom | custom | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Denmark | case |
| 7 | Denmark | Denmark | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 custom | nmod |
| 8 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 12 use | mark |
| 9 | intimate | intimate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 acquaintances | amod |
| 10 | acquaintances | acquaintance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 use | nsubj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 use | mark |
| 12 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 custom | acl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 person | det |
| 14 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 15 person | amod |
| 15 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 use | obj |
| 16 | singular | singular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 use | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Du | punct |
| 18 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 Du | punct |
| 19 | Du | Du | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 use | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 use | punct |
| 21 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 use | punct |
| 22 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 speaking | punct |
| 23 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 26 speaking | nsubj |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 23 thou | punct |
| 25 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 26 speaking | advmod |
| 26 | speaking | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 use | advcl |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 each | case |
| 28 | each | each | DET | ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp | 26 speaking | obl |
| 29 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 each | fixed |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 custom | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | debt | the custom | Denmark | tree rules | |||
| 2 | use | to-infinitive | intimate acquaintances | the second person | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | speak speech: other | gerund | thou | to each | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to each=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/23/116/