Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, sentence 95

“A word is a shadow,” said the shadow, “and as such it must speak.”

Who acts: word, shadow · What happens: be, say, speak · To what, where: shadow · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (word, shadow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	6 shadow	punct
2	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 word	det
3	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shadow	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 shadow	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 shadow	det
6	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 said	nsubj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 shadow	punct
8	”	"	PUNCT	_	6 shadow	punct
9	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 shadow	det
11	shadow	shadow	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 said	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 speak	punct
13	“	"	PUNCT	_	19 speak	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 speak	cc
15	as	as	ADP	_	16 such	case
16	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 speak	obl
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 speak	nsubj
18	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 speak	aux
19	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 said	ccomp
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	19 speak	punct
21	”	"	PUNCT	_	19 speak	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	a word	a shadow		tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past	a shadow	the shadow		tree rules
3	speak speech: other in a quote	must	word		as such	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/23/95/