Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Dream of Little Tuk, sentence 60

She had an old grey linen apron hanging over her head and back: it was so wet, it certainly must have been raining.

Who acts: grass, old grey linen apron, apron, it · What happens: have, hang, be, rain · To what, where: old grey linen apron, head

This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Dream of Little Tuk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grass, old grey linen apron, apron, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 apron	det
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 apron	amod
5	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 apron	amod
6	linen	linen	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 apron	amod
7	apron	apron	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj
8	hanging	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 apron	acl
9	over	over	ADP	_	11 head	case
10	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 head	nmod:poss
11	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hanging	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 back	cc
13	back	back	ADV	_	11 head	conj
14	:	:	PUNCT	_	18 wet	punct
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 wet	nsubj
16	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 wet	cop
17	so	so	ADV	_	18 wet	advmod
18	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 had	parataxis
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 raining	punct
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 raining	nsubj
21	certainly	certainly	ADV	_	25 raining	advmod
22	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	25 raining	aux
23	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	25 raining	aux
24	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	25 raining	aux
25	raining	rain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 wet	parataxis
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	past	grass	a old grey linen apron			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apron=Patient
2	hang	gerund	a old grey linen apron not said here		grass's head		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over head=Location
3	is	past	apron			wet property	tree rules
4	rain	must · perfect · progressive	it			certainly property	vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/25/60/