Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Horatius At the Bridge., sentence 4
The Romans did not have very many fighting men at that time, and they knew that they were not strong enough to meet the Etruscans in open battle.
Who acts: Romans · What happens: not have, know, not be, meet · To what, where: many fighting men, Etruscans, open battle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Horatius At the Bridge.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Romans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Romans | det |
| 2 | Romans | Roman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 5 have | nsubj |
| 3 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 have | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 have | advmod |
| 5 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | very | very | ADV | _ | 7 many | advmod |
| 7 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 men | amod |
| 8 | fighting | fighting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 men | compound |
| 9 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 have | obj |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 time | case |
| 11 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 time | det |
| 12 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 have | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 knew | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 knew | cc |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 knew | nsubj |
| 16 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 have | parataxis |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 strong | mark |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 strong | nsubj |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 strong | cop |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 strong | advmod |
| 21 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 knew | ccomp |
| 22 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 21 strong | advmod |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 meet | mark |
| 24 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 strong | advcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Etruscans | det |
| 26 | Etruscans | Etruscan | PROPN | Number=Plur | 24 meet | obj |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 battle | case |
| 28 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 battle | amod |
| 29 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 meet | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not have | past · do-support | the Romans | many fighting men | time | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient | |||
| 2 | know | past | Romans = roman | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | not is | past | Romans = roman | enough, strong property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | meet | to-infinitive | Romans = roman not said here | the Etruscans | open battle | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent etruscan=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/31/4/