The Aesop for Children, The Wolf and the Ass, sentence 3
So he pretended he was lame, and began to hobble painfully.
Who acts: Wolf · What happens: pretend, be, begin, hobble
This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Wolf and the Ass. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 pretended | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 pretended | nsubj |
| 3 | pretended | pretend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 lame | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 lame | cop |
| 6 | lame | lame | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pretended | ccomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 began | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 began | cc |
| 9 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 pretended | conj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 hobble | mark |
| 11 | hobble | hobble | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 began | xcomp |
| 12 | painfully | painfully | ADV | _ | 11 hobble | advmod |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 pretended | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pretend | past | Wolf | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is | past | Wolf | lame property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | Wolf not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | hobble | to-infinitive | Wolf not said here | painfully property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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