Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Literally Translated From the Greek, sentence 141
It was a wish he had much at heart, and when the proposal was voluntarily made to him by the present Publishers, to undertake the task of a new translation of an enlarged number of Æsop’s Fables, he saw no reason for refusing the offer because of his prior discharge of a totally different design; and he resolved to comply with the request submitted to him, and to do his best towards the attainment of so desirable an object as a purer translation and more literal rendering of fables so justly celebrated.
Who acts: necessity, editor, present Publishers, reason, enlarged number · What happens: be, have, make, undertake, enlarge, see · To what, where: wish, heart, proposal, editor, task, reason
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Literally Translated From the Greek. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (necessity, editor, present Publishers, reason), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 wish | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 wish | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 wish | det |
| 4 | wish | wish | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 had | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 wish | acl:relcl |
| 7 | much | much | ADV | _ | 9 heart | advmod |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 heart | case |
| 9 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 made | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 made | cc |
| 12 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 17 made | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 proposal | det |
| 14 | proposal | proposal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 made | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 made | aux:pass |
| 16 | voluntarily | voluntarily | ADV | _ | 17 made | advmod |
| 17 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 wish | parataxis |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 him | case |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 made | obl |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 Publishers | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 Publishers | det |
| 22 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 Publishers | amod |
| 23 | Publishers | publisher | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 made | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 undertake | punct |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 undertake | mark |
| 26 | undertake | undertake | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 17 made | parataxis |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 task | det |
| 28 | task | task | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 undertake | obj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 translation | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 translation | det |
| 31 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 translation | amod |
| 32 | translation | translation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 task | nmod |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 number | case |
| 34 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 number | det |
| 35 | enlarged | enlarge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 number | amod |
| 36 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 translation | nmod |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 Fables | case |
| 38 | Æsop | Æsop | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 Fables | nmod:poss |
| 39 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 38 Æsop | case |
| 40 | Fables | fable | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 number | nmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 saw | punct |
| 42 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 saw | nsubj |
| 43 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 undertake | parataxis |
| 44 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 45 reason | det |
| 45 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 saw | obj |
| 46 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 47 refusing | mark |
| 47 | refusing | refuse | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 45 reason | acl |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 offer | det |
| 49 | offer | offer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 refusing | obj |
| 50 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 54 discharge | case |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 because | fixed |
| 52 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 54 discharge | nmod:poss |
| 53 | prior | prior | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 discharge | amod |
| 54 | discharge | discharge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 refusing | obl |
| 55 | of | of | ADP | _ | 59 design | case |
| 56 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 59 design | det |
| 57 | totally | totally | ADV | _ | 58 different | advmod |
| 58 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 design | amod |
| 59 | design | design | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 discharge | nmod |
| 60 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 63 resolved | punct |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 resolved | cc |
| 62 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 63 resolved | nsubj |
| 63 | resolved | resolve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 saw | conj |
| 64 | to | to | PART | _ | 65 comply | mark |
| 65 | comply | comply | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 63 resolved | xcomp |
| 66 | with | with | ADP | _ | 68 request | case |
| 67 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 request | det |
| 68 | request | request | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 comply | obl |
| 69 | submitted | submit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 68 request | acl |
| 70 | to | to | ADP | _ | 71 him | case |
| 71 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 69 submitted | obl |
| 72 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 75 do | punct |
| 73 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 75 do | cc |
| 74 | to | to | PART | _ | 75 do | mark |
| 75 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 26 undertake | conj |
| 76 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 77 best | nmod:poss |
| 77 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 75 do | obj |
| 78 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 80 attainment | case |
| 79 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 80 attainment | det |
| 80 | attainment | attainment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 75 do | obl |
| 81 | of | of | ADP | _ | 85 object | case |
| 82 | so | so | ADV | _ | 83 desirable | advmod |
| 83 | desirable | desirable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 85 object | amod |
| 84 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 85 object | det |
| 85 | object | object | NOUN | Number=Sing | 80 attainment | nmod |
| 86 | as | as | ADP | _ | 89 translation | case |
| 87 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 89 translation | det |
| 88 | purer | pure | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 89 translation | amod |
| 89 | translation | translation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 75 do | obl |
| 90 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 93 rendering | cc |
| 91 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 93 rendering | amod |
| 92 | literal | literal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 93 rendering | amod |
| 93 | rendering | rendering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 89 translation | conj |
| 94 | of | of | ADP | _ | 95 fables | case |
| 95 | fables | fable | NOUN | Number=Plur | 93 rendering | nmod |
| 96 | so | so | ADV | _ | 98 celebrated | advmod |
| 97 | justly | justly | ADV | _ | 98 celebrated | advmod |
| 98 | celebrated | celebrate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 75 do | advcl |
| 99 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 wish | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | necessity | a wish | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | past | editor | heart | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | ||||
| 3 | make | past · passive | the present Publishers | the proposal | editor | voluntarily property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product | ||
| 4 | undertake | to-infinitive | the task of a new translation of a enlarged number of Æsop's Fables | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent task=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | enlarge | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 6 | see | past | editor | no reason | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer reason=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | refuse | gerund | no reason not said here | the offer | because editor's prior discharge of a different design | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offer=Theme | |||
| 8 | resolve | past | editor | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | comply | to-infinitive | editor not said here | with the request | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | submit | participle | the request not said here | editor | vn acquiesce-95.1-1-1 «NP V PP.pivot»: agent=Agent to he=Pivot | ||||
| 11 | do | to-infinitive | editor's best | towards the attainment of a desirable object; as a purer translation and more literal rendering of fables | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Eventuality | ||||
| 12 | celebrate | participle | justly property | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 13 | task | a new translation of a enlarged number of Æsop's Fables | nom task «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 14 | translate | a enlarged number of Æsop's Fables | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 15 | discharge | editor | a different design | nom discharge «event transitive»: poss=agent of=patient | |||||
| 16 | attain | a desirable object | nom attainment «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 17 | render | fables | nom rendering «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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