Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Literally Translated From the Greek, sentence 54

The rhetoricians and philosophers were accustomed to give the Fables of Æsop as an exercise to their scholars, not only inviting them to discuss the moral of the tale, but also to practice and to perfect themselves thereby in style and rules of grammar, by making for themselves new and various versions of the fables.

Who acts: grammar · What happens: accustom, give, not invite, discuss, practice, make · To what, where: rhetoricians, Fables, scholars, moral, style, new versions

This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Literally Translated From the Greek. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grammar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rhetoricians	det
2	rhetoricians	rhetorician	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 accustomed	nsubj:pass
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 philosophers	cc
4	philosophers	philosopher	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 rhetoricians	conj
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 accustomed	aux:pass
6	accustomed	accustom	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 give	mark
8	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 accustomed	xcomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Fables	det
10	Fables	fable	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 give	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 Æsop	case
12	Æsop	Æsop	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Fables	nmod
13	as	as	ADP	_	15 exercise	case
14	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 exercise	det
15	exercise	exercise	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 give	obl
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 scholars	case
17	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 scholars	nmod:poss
18	scholars	scholar	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 give	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 inviting	punct
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 inviting	advmod
21	only	only	ADV	_	22 inviting	advmod
22	inviting	invite	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 accustomed	advcl
23	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 inviting	obj
24	to	to	PART	_	25 discuss	mark
25	discuss	discuss	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 inviting	advcl
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 moral	det
27	moral	moral	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 discuss	obj
28	of	of	ADP	_	30 tale	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 tale	det
30	tale	tale	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 moral	nmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 practice	punct
32	but	but	CCONJ	_	35 practice	cc
33	also	also	ADV	_	35 practice	advmod
34	to	to	PART	_	35 practice	mark
35	practice	practice	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	6 accustomed	parataxis
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 perfect	cc
37	to	to	PART	_	38 perfect	mark
38	perfect	perfect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 practice	conj
39	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	38 perfect	obl
40	thereby	thereby	ADV	_	35 practice	advmod
41	in	in	ADP	_	42 style	case
42	style	style	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 practice	obl
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 rules	cc
44	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 style	conj
45	of	of	ADP	_	46 grammar	case
46	grammar	grammar	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 rules	nmod
47	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 making	punct
48	by	by	SCONJ	_	49 making	mark
49	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	35 practice	advcl
50	for	for	ADP	_	51 themselves	case
51	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	49 making	obl
52	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 versions	amod
53	and	and	CCONJ	_	54 various	cc
54	various	various	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 new	conj
55	versions	version	NOUN	Number=Plur	49 making	obj
56	of	of	ADP	_	58 fables	case
57	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	58 fables	det
58	fables	fable	NOUN	Number=Plur	55 versions	nmod
59	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 accustomed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	accustom	past · passive		the rhetoricians and philosophers				tree rules
2	give	to-infinitive		the Fables of Æsop	Antioch's scholars		as a exercise	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent fable=Theme to scholar=Recipient
3	not invite	gerund		scholars = scholar				vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient
4	discuss speech: other	to-infinitive		the moral of the tale				vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moral=Topic
5	practice	to-infinitive				style and rules of grammar	thereby property	vn rehearse-26.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	make	gerund		new versions of the fables			for rules = rule	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent version=Product for themselves=Asset
7	rule		grammar					nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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