Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 8, sentence 87

The wounded Lion rushed away in great fear, and when a Fox who had seen it all happen told him to be of good courage and not to back off at the first attack he replied: “You counsel me in vain; for if he sends so fearful a messenger, how shall I abide the attack of the man himself?”

Who acts: wounded Lion, it, Fox, I · What happens: rush away, see, happen, tell, be, not back off · To what, where: great fear, Fox, first attack, me, vain, fearful messenger · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wounded Lion, it, Fox, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Lion	det
2	wounded	wounded	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 Lion	amod
3	Lion	Lion	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 rushed	nsubj
4	rushed	rush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	away	away	ADV	_	4 rushed	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 fear	case
7	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 fear	amod
8	fear	fear	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rushed	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 happen	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 happen	cc
11	when	when	SCONJ	_	16 seen	mark
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 Fox	det
13	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 seen	nsubj:pass
14	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 seen	nsubj
15	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 seen	aux
16	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 happen	advcl
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 happen	nsubj
18	all	all	ADV	_	19 happen	advmod
19	happen	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin	4 rushed	conj
20	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 rushed	parataxis
21	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 told	iobj
22	to	to	PART	_	26 courage	mark
23	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	26 courage	cop
24	of	of	ADP	_	26 courage	case
25	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 courage	amod
26	courage	courage	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 told	ccomp
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 back	cc
28	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	30 back	advmod
29	to	to	PART	_	30 back	mark
30	back	back	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 courage	conj
31	off	off	ADP	_	30 back	compound:prt
32	at	at	ADP	_	35 attack	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 attack	det
34	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	35 attack	amod
35	attack	attack	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 back	obl
36	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 replied	nsubj
37	replied	reply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	35 attack	acl:relcl
38	:	:	PUNCT	_	41 counsel	punct
39	“	"	PUNCT	_	41 counsel	punct
40	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	41 counsel	nsubj
41	counsel	counsel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 told	conj
42	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	41 counsel	obj
43	in	in	ADP	_	44 vain	case
44	vain	vain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 counsel	obl
45	;	;	PUNCT	_	49 sends	punct
46	for	for	SCONJ	_	49 sends	mark
47	if	if	SCONJ	_	49 sends	mark
48	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	49 sends	nsubj
49	sends	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 told	ccomp
50	so	so	ADV	_	51 fearful	advmod
51	fearful	fearful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	53 messenger	amod
52	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	53 messenger	det
53	messenger	messenger	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 sends	obj
54	,	,	PUNCT	_	58 abide	punct
55	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	58 abide	advmod
56	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	58 abide	aux
57	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	58 abide	nsubj
58	abide	abide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	53 messenger	acl:relcl
59	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	60 attack	det
60	attack	attack	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 abide	obj
61	of	of	ADP	_	63 man	case
62	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	63 man	det
63	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	60 attack	nmod
64	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	58 abide	obl:unmarked
65	?	?	PUNCT	_	49 sends	punct
66	”	"	PUNCT	_	20 told	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	rush away	past	the wounded Lion			great fear	away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fear=Trajectory
2	see	past · perfect · passive		a Fox				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
3	happen	present	it				all property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	tell speech: assert	past			Fox			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic
5	is not said to happen	to-infinitive					of good courage	tree rules
6	not back off	to-infinitive				the first attack		vn withdraw-82-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	reply speech: assert	past	Fox	the first attack not said here				vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent attack=Topic
8	counsel speech: other in a quote	present	Fox		me	vain		vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient
9	send a condition, not said to happen, in a quote	present	Fox	a fearful messenger				vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme
10	abide in a quote	shall	I	the attack of the man			Fox obl:unmarked	tree rules
11	attack in a quote			the man				nom attack «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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