Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, sentence 46
But when the Wolf, day after day, kept in the company of the sheep and did not make the slightest effort to seize them, the Shepherd began to look upon him as a guardian of his flock rather than as a plotter of evil against it; and when occasion called him one day into the city, he left the sheep entirely in his charge.
Who acts: Shepherd, occasion · What happens: keep, not make, seize, begin, look, call · To what, where: Wolf, company, slightest effort, Shepherd, city, sheep · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shepherd, occasion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 kept | cc |
| 2 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 10 kept | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Wolf | det |
| 4 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 day | punct |
| 6 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Wolf | appos |
| 7 | after | after | ADP | _ | 8 day | case |
| 8 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 day | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 kept | punct |
| 10 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 company | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 company | det |
| 13 | company | company | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 kept | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 sheep | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 sheep | det |
| 16 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 company | nmod |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 make | cc |
| 18 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 make | aux |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 make | advmod |
| 20 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 kept | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 effort | det |
| 22 | slightest | slight | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 23 effort | amod |
| 23 | effort | effort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 make | obj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 seize | mark |
| 25 | seize | seize | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 effort | acl |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 seize | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 began | punct |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Shepherd | det |
| 29 | Shepherd | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 began | nsubj |
| 30 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 make | conj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 look | mark |
| 32 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 began | xcomp |
| 33 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 34 him | case |
| 34 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 look | obl |
| 35 | as | as | ADP | _ | 37 guardian | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 guardian | det |
| 37 | guardian | guardian | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 look | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 flock | case |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 flock | nmod:poss |
| 40 | flock | flock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 guardian | nmod |
| 41 | rather | rather | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 45 plotter | cc |
| 42 | than | than | ADP | _ | 41 rather | fixed |
| 43 | as | as | ADP | _ | 41 rather | fixed |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 plotter | det |
| 45 | plotter | plotter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 flock | conj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 evil | case |
| 47 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 plotter | nmod |
| 48 | against | against | ADP | _ | 49 it | case |
| 49 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 evil | nmod |
| 50 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 63 left | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 left | cc |
| 52 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 54 called | advmod |
| 53 | occasion | occasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 called | nsubj |
| 54 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 63 left | advcl |
| 55 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 called | obj |
| 56 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 57 day | nummod |
| 57 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 called | obl:unmarked |
| 58 | into | into | ADP | _ | 60 city | case |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 city | det |
| 60 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 called | obl |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 called | punct |
| 62 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 63 left | nsubj |
| 63 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 kept | parataxis |
| 64 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 sheep | det |
| 65 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 63 left | obj |
| 66 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 63 left | advmod |
| 67 | in | in | ADP | _ | 69 charge | case |
| 68 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 69 charge | nmod:poss |
| 69 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 left | obl |
| 70 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 kept | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | participle · passive | the Wolf | the company of the sheep | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in company=Location | ||||
| 2 | not make | past · do-support | the slightest effort | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset effort=Product | |||||
| 3 | seize | to-infinitive | Wolf | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||||
| 4 | begin | past | the Shepherd | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | look | to-infinitive | the Shepherd not said here | upon Shepherd; as a guardian of Shepherd's flock rather a plotter of evil against flock | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon he=Theme | ||||
| 6 | call | past | occasion | Shepherd | the city | day | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Topic into city=Recipient | ||
| 7 | leave | past | Shepherd | the sheep | Shepherd's charge | entirely property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme in charge=Location | ||
| 8 | charge | Shepherd | nom charge «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/12/46/