Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 6, sentence 62
The owner maintained that he had let the Ass only, and not his Shadow.
Who acts: owner · What happens: maintain, let, shadow · To what, where: Ass
This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (owner), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Checked tree. This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (gutenberg:pg21:641): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 owner | det |
| 2 | owner | owner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 maintained | nsubj |
| 3 | maintained | maintain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 let | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 let | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 let | aux |
| 7 | let | let | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 maintained | ccomp |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Ass | det |
| 9 | Ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 let | obj |
| 10 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 let | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Shadow | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 Shadow | cc |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 Shadow | advmod |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 Shadow | nmod:poss |
| 15 | Shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Ass | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 maintained | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | maintain | past | the owner | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | let | past · perfect | owner | the Ass and owner's Shadow | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ass=Theme | ||||
| 3 | shadow | owner | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). Tree: the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/8/62/