Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 4, sentence 104
The Wallachians say that a _murony_--a sort of cross between a werwolf and a vampire, connected by name with our nightmare--can take the form of a dog, a cat, or a toad, and also of any blood-sucking insect.
Who acts: Wallachians, murony · What happens: say, connect, take, suck, sort, form · To what, where: werwolf, form, cross, dog · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wallachians, murony), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Wallachians | det |
| 2 | Wallachians | Wallachian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 say | nsubj |
| 3 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 take | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 murony | det |
| 6 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 7 murony | punct |
| 7 | murony | murony | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 take | nsubj |
| 8 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 7 murony | punct |
| 9 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 11 sort | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 sort | det |
| 11 | sort | sort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 murony | appos |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 cross | case |
| 13 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sort | nmod |
| 14 | between | between | ADP | _ | 16 werwolf | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 werwolf | det |
| 16 | werwolf | werwolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 cross | nmod |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 vampire | cc |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 vampire | det |
| 19 | vampire | vampire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 werwolf | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 connected | punct |
| 21 | connected | connect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 werwolf | acl |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 name | case |
| 23 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 connected | obl |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 nightmare | case |
| 25 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 nightmare | nmod:poss |
| 26 | nightmare | nightmare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 name | nmod |
| 27 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 7 murony | punct |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 take | aux |
| 29 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 say | ccomp |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 form | det |
| 31 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 take | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 dog | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 dog | det |
| 34 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 form | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 cat | punct |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 cat | det |
| 37 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 dog | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 toad | punct |
| 39 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 41 toad | cc |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 toad | det |
| 41 | toad | toad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 cat | appos |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 insect | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 insect | cc |
| 44 | also | also | ADV | _ | 50 insect | advmod |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 insect | case |
| 46 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 50 insect | det |
| 47 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 sucking | compound |
| 48 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 blood | punct |
| 49 | sucking | suck | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 50 insect | amod |
| 50 | insect | insect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 take | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | the Wallachians | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | connect | participle | a werwolf and a vampire not said here | by name with our nightmare | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | take | can | a murony | the form of a dog and a cat | of any sucking insect | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent form=Theme of insect=Initial_Location | |||
| 4 | suck | gerund | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | sort | cross between a werwolf and a vampire | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | form | a dog and a cat | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/54/104/