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Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2, sentence 63

The Bulgarians say that forked lightning is the lance of Ilya who is chasing the Lamia fiend: summer lightning is due to the sheen of that lance, or to the fire issuing from the nostrils of his celestial steeds.

Who acts: Bulgarians, that, lightning, lance, summer lightning, fire · What happens: say, fork, be, chase, issue · To what, where: lance, Lamia fiend, nostrils · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bulgarians, that, lightning, lance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

detnsubjnsubjccompnsubjcopdetccompcasenmodnsubjauxacl:relcldetcompoundobjpunctcompoundnsubjcopcasefixeddetparataxiscasedetnmodpunctcccasedetparataxisaclcasedetoblcasenmod:posscompoundnmodpunctrootTheDETBulgariansPROPNsayVERBthatPRONforkedVERBlightningNOUNisAUXtheDETlanceNOUNofADPIlyaPROPNwhoPRONisAUXchasingVERBtheDETLamiaNOUNfiendNOUN:PUNCTsummerNOUNlightningNOUNisAUXdueADJtoADPtheDETsheenNOUNofADPthatDETlanceNOUN,PUNCTorCCONJtoADPtheDETfireNOUNissuingVERBfromADPtheDETnostrilsNOUNofADPhisPRONcelestialNOUNsteedsNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 Bulgariansdet
2BulgariansBulgarianPROPNNumber=Plur3 saynsubj
3saysayVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4thatthatPRONPronType=Rel5 forkednsubj
5forkedforkVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 sayccomp
6lightninglightningNOUNNumber=Sing9 lancensubj
7isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin9 lancecop
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 lancedet
9lancelanceNOUNNumber=Sing5 forkedccomp
10ofofADP_11 Ilyacase
11IlyaIlyaPROPNNumber=Sing9 lancenmod
12whowhoPRONPronType=Rel14 chasingnsubj
13isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin14 chasingaux
14chasingchaseVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part9 lanceacl:relcl
15thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art17 fienddet
16LamialamiaNOUNNumber=Sing17 fiendcompound
17fiendfiendNOUNNumber=Sing14 chasingobj
18::PUNCT_25 sheenpunct
19summersummerNOUNNumber=Sing20 lightningcompound
20lightninglightningNOUNNumber=Sing25 sheennsubj
21isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin25 sheencop
22duedueADJDegree=Pos ExtPos=ADP25 sheencase
23totoADP_22 duefixed
24thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art25 sheendet
25sheensheenNOUNNumber=Sing3 sayparataxis
26ofofADP_28 lancecase
27thatthatDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem28 lancedet
28lancelanceNOUNNumber=Sing25 sheennmod
29,,PUNCT_33 firepunct
30ororCCONJ_33 firecc
31totoADP_33 firecase
32thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art33 firedet
33firefireNOUNNumber=Sing25 sheenparataxis
34issuingissueVERBVerbForm=Ger33 fireacl
35fromfromADP_37 nostrilscase
36thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art37 nostrilsdet
37nostrilsnostrilNOUNNumber=Plur34 issuingobl
38ofofADP_41 steedscase
39hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs41 steedsnmod:poss
40celestialcelestialNOUNNumber=Sing41 steedscompound
41steedssteedNOUNNumber=Plur37 nostrilsnmod
42..PUNCT_3 saypunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1say speech: assertpresentthe Bulgariansvn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2forkpastthatvn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent
3is apresentlightningthe lanceof Ilyatree rules
4chasepresent · progressivethe lancethe Lamia fiendvn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fiend=Theme
5ispresentsummer lightningdue the sheen; of that lancetree rules
6issuegerundthe fire not said herethe nostrils of Ilya's celestial steedsvn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/57/63/