The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 10, sentence 146
At the lowest counting there were over a million seals on the beach--old seals, mother seals, tiny babies, and holluschickie, fighting, scuffling, bleating, crawling, and playing together--going down to the sea and coming up from it in gangs and regiments, lying over every foot of ground as far as the eye could reach, and skirmishing about in brigades through the fog.
Who acts: eye · What happens: fight, scuffle, bleat, crawl, play, go down · To what, where: baby, foot, fog
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 4 counting | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 counting | det |
| 3 | lowest | low | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 counting | amod |
| 4 | counting | counting | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 were | expl |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 counting | acl:relcl |
| 7 | over | over | ADV | _ | 9 million | advmod |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 million | det |
| 9 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 seals | nummod |
| 10 | seals | seal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 were | nsubj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 beach | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 beach | det |
| 13 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 seals | nmod |
| 14 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 16 seals | punct |
| 15 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 seals | amod |
| 16 | seals | seal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 seals | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 seals | punct |
| 18 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 seals | compound |
| 19 | seals | seal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 seals | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 babies | punct |
| 21 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 babies | amod |
| 22 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 seals | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 holluschickie | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 holluschickie | cc |
| 25 | holluschickie | holluschickie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 seals | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 fighting | punct |
| 27 | fighting | fight | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 seals | parataxis |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 scuffling | punct |
| 29 | scuffling | scuffle | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 fighting | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 bleating | punct |
| 31 | bleating | bleat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 scuffling | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 crawling | punct |
| 33 | crawling | crawl | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 bleating | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 playing | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 playing | cc |
| 36 | playing | play | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 fighting | conj |
| 37 | together | together | ADV | _ | 36 playing | advmod |
| 38 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 39 going | punct |
| 39 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 36 playing | parataxis |
| 40 | down | down | ADV | _ | 39 going | advmod |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 sea | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 sea | det |
| 43 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 going | obl |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 coming | cc |
| 45 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 36 playing | conj |
| 46 | up | up | ADV | _ | 45 coming | advmod |
| 47 | from | from | ADP | _ | 48 it | case |
| 48 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 coming | obl |
| 49 | in | in | ADP | _ | 50 gangs | case |
| 50 | gangs | gang | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 coming | obl |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 regiments | cc |
| 52 | regiments | regiment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 gangs | conj |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 lying | punct |
| 54 | lying | lie | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 fighting | conj |
| 55 | over | over | ADP | _ | 57 foot | case |
| 56 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 57 foot | det |
| 57 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 lying | obl |
| 58 | of | of | ADP | _ | 59 ground | case |
| 59 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 foot | nmod |
| 60 | as | as | ADV | _ | 61 far | advmod |
| 61 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 54 lying | advmod |
| 62 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 66 reach | mark |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 eye | det |
| 64 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 66 reach | nsubj |
| 65 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 66 reach | aux |
| 66 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 61 far | advcl |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 69 skirmishing | punct |
| 68 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 69 skirmishing | cc |
| 69 | skirmishing | skirmish | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 54 lying | conj |
| 70 | about | about | ADP | _ | 72 brigades | case |
| 71 | in | in | ADP | _ | 72 brigades | case |
| 72 | brigades | brigade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 69 skirmishing | obl |
| 73 | through | through | ADP | _ | 75 fog | case |
| 74 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 75 fog | det |
| 75 | fog | fog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 skirmishing | obl |
| 76 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 counting | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | gerund | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | scuffle | gerund | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | bleat | gerund | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | crawl | gerund | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | play | gerund | together property | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | go down | gerund | to the sea; down property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 7 | come up | gerund | baby | in gangs and regiments | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from it=Initial_Location | ||||
| 8 | lie | gerund | every foot of ground | far property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over foot=Location | ||||
| 9 | reach | could | the eye | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | skirmish | gerund | the fog | about brigades | vn battle-36.4 «NP V PP.theme NP S_ING»: agent=Agent about brigade=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/10/146/