The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 15, sentence 125
Kala Nag knew that that advice was good, for the first time that he saw a shell burst he backed, screaming, into a stand of piled rifles, and the bayonets pricked him in all his softest places.
Who acts: Kala, advice, bayonets · What happens: know, be, see, back, scream, pile · To what, where: shell burst, stand, Kala, softest places · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kala, advice, bayonets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kala | Kala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 knew | nsubj |
| 2 | Nag | Nag | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Kala | flat |
| 3 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 good | mark |
| 5 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 advice | det |
| 6 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 good | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 good | cop |
| 8 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 knew | ccomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 time | punct |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 time | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 time | det |
| 12 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 13 time | amod |
| 13 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 good | obl |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 saw | mark |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 saw | nsubj |
| 16 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 time | acl:relcl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 burst | det |
| 18 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 burst | compound |
| 19 | burst | burst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 saw | obj |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 backed | nsubj |
| 21 | backed | back | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 burst | acl:relcl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 screaming | punct |
| 23 | screaming | scream | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 saw | advcl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 stand | punct |
| 25 | into | into | ADP | _ | 27 stand | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 stand | det |
| 27 | stand | stand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 screaming | obj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 rifles | case |
| 29 | piled | pile | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 rifles | amod |
| 30 | rifles | rifle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 stand | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 pricked | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 pricked | cc |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 bayonets | det |
| 34 | bayonets | bayonet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 pricked | nsubj |
| 35 | pricked | prick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 knew | conj |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 pricked | obj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 places | case |
| 38 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 41 places | det:predet |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 places | nmod:poss |
| 40 | softest | soft | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 41 places | amod |
| 41 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 pricked | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | Kala | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is | past | that advice | time | good property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | see | past | Kala | a shell burst | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer burst=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | back | past | Kala | a shell burst not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent burst=Agent | ||||
| 5 | scream speech: express | gerund | Kala not said here | a stand of piled rifles | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stand=Topic | ||||
| 6 | pile | participle | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | prick | past | the bayonets | Kala | Kala's softest places | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/125/