The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 15, sentence 135

When, after weeks and weeks of cautious driving of scattered elephants across the hills, the forty or fifty wild monsters were driven into the last stockade, and the big drop gate, made of tree trunks lashed together, jarred down behind them, Kala Nag, at the word of command, would go into that flaring, trumpeting pandemonium (generally at night, when the flicker of the torches made it difficult to judge distances), and, picking out the biggest and wildest tusker of the mob, would hammer him and hustle him into quiet while the men on the backs of the other elephants roped and tied the smaller ones.

Who acts: flicker, pandemonium, picking, men, torches · What happens: drive, make, lash together, jar down, go, flare · To what, where: weeks, last stockade, big drop gate, tree trunks, word, flaring pandemonium

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flicker, pandemonium, picking, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	SCONJ	_	24 driven	mark
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 weeks	punct
3	after	after	ADP	_	4 weeks	case
4	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 driven	nsubj:pass
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 weeks	cc
6	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 weeks	conj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 driving	case
8	cautious	cautious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 driving	amod
9	driving	driving	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 weeks	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 elephants	case
11	scattered	scatter	ADJ	_	12 elephants	amod
12	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 driving	nmod
13	across	across	ADP	_	15 hills	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 hills	det
15	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 elephants	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 monsters	punct
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 monsters	det
18	forty	forty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	22 monsters	nummod
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 fifty	cc
20	fifty	fifty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	18 forty	conj
21	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 monsters	amod
22	monsters	monster	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 hills	conj
23	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 driven	aux:pass
24	driven	drive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
25	into	into	ADP	_	28 stockade	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 stockade	det
27	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 stockade	amod
28	stockade	stockade	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 driven	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 gate	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 gate	cc
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 gate	det
32	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 gate	amod
33	drop	drop	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 gate	compound
34	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 driven	obl
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 made	punct
36	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	34 gate	acl
37	of	of	ADP	_	39 trunks	case
38	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 trunks	compound
39	trunks	trunk	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 made	obl
40	lashed	lash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	39 trunks	acl
41	together	together	ADV	_	40 lashed	advmod
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 jarred	punct
43	jarred	jar	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	36 made	conj
44	down	down	ADP	_	43 jarred	compound:prt
45	behind	behind	ADP	_	46 them	case
46	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 jarred	obl
47	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 Kala	punct
48	Kala	Kala	PROPN	Number=Sing	43 jarred	obl:agent
49	Nag	Nag	PROPN	Number=Sing	48 Kala	flat
50	,	,	PUNCT	_	53 word	punct
51	at	at	ADP	_	53 word	case
52	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	53 word	det
53	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 jarred	obl
54	of	of	ADP	_	55 command	case
55	command	command	NOUN	Number=Sing	53 word	nmod
56	,	,	PUNCT	_	58 go	punct
57	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	58 go	aux
58	go	go	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	53 word	parataxis
59	into	into	ADP	_	64 pandemonium	case
60	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	64 pandemonium	det
61	flaring	flare	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	64 pandemonium	amod
62	,	,	PUNCT	_	63 trumpeting	punct
63	trumpeting	trumpet	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	61 flaring	conj
64	pandemonium	pandemonium	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 go	obl
65	(	(	PUNCT	_	68 night	punct
66	generally	generally	ADV	_	68 night	advmod
67	at	at	ADP	_	68 night	case
68	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	64 pandemonium	appos
69	,	,	PUNCT	_	76 made	punct
70	when	when	SCONJ	_	76 made	mark
71	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	72 flicker	det
72	flicker	flicker	NOUN	Number=Sing	76 made	nsubj
73	of	of	ADP	_	75 torches	case
74	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	75 torches	det
75	torches	torch	NOUN	Number=Plur	72 flicker	nmod
76	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	68 night	conj
77	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	76 made	obj
78	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	76 made	xcomp
79	to	to	PART	_	80 judge	mark
80	judge	judge	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	78 difficult	xcomp
81	distances	distance	NOUN	Number=Plur	80 judge	obj
82	)	)	PUNCT	_	68 night	punct
83	,	,	PUNCT	_	98 hammer	punct
84	and	and	CCONJ	_	98 hammer	cc
85	,	,	PUNCT	_	86 picking	punct
86	picking	pick	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	98 hammer	csubj
87	out	out	ADP	_	86 picking	compound:prt
88	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	92 tusker	det
89	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	92 tusker	amod
90	and	and	CCONJ	_	91 wildest	cc
91	wildest	wild	ADJ	Degree=Sup	89 biggest	conj
92	tusker	tusker	NOUN	Number=Sing	86 picking	obj
93	of	of	ADP	_	95 mob	case
94	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	95 mob	det
95	mob	mob	NOUN	Number=Sing	92 tusker	nmod
96	,	,	PUNCT	_	86 picking	punct
97	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	98 hammer	aux
98	hammer	hammer	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	58 go	parataxis
99	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	98 hammer	obj
100	and	and	CCONJ	_	101 hustle	cc
101	hustle	hustle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	98 hammer	conj
102	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	101 hustle	obj
103	into	into	ADP	_	104 quiet	case
104	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	101 hustle	obl
105	while	while	SCONJ	_	115 roped	mark
106	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	107 men	det
107	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	115 roped	nsubj
108	on	on	ADP	_	110 backs	case
109	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	110 backs	det
110	backs	back	NOUN	Number=Plur	107 men	nmod
111	of	of	ADP	_	114 elephants	case
112	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	114 elephants	det
113	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	114 elephants	amod
114	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	110 backs	nmod
115	roped	rope	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	101 hustle	advcl
116	and	and	CCONJ	_	117 tied	cc
117	tied	tie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	115 roped	conj
118	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	120 ones	det
119	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	120 ones	amod
120	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	117 tied	obj
121	.	.	PUNCT	_	24 driven	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	drive	past · passive		weeks and weeks of cautious driving of scattered elephants across the hills and the forty wild monsters	the last stockade	the big drop gate obl	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme into stockade=Trajectory
2	make	participle		the big drop gate not said here		of tree trunks	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
3	lash together	participle		tree trunks not said here		together property	vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
4	jar down	participle			the word of command	behind Elephants = elephant	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
5	go	would			that flaring pandemonium		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into pandemonium=Initial_Location
6	flare	gerund					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	trumpet	gerund					vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	make	past	the flicker of the torches	pandemonium		difficult property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
9	judge	to-infinitive	pandemonium not said here	distances			vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent distance=Value
10	pick out	gerund		the biggest tusker of the mob			vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tusker=Patient
11	hammer	would	picking	Kala			vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Instrument
12	hustle	infinitive	picking not said here	Kala	quiet		vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent he=Patient into quiet=Eventuality
13	rope	past	the men on the backs of the other elephants				vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
14	tie	past	the men on the backs of the other elephants not said here	the smaller ones			vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient
15	drive			scattered elephants across the hills and the forty wild monsters			nom driving «act transitive»: of=patient
16	word			command			nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient
17	flicker		the torches				nom flicker «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/135/