The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 15, sentence 136

There was nothing in the way of fighting that Kala Nag, the old wise Black Snake, did not know, for he had stood up more than once in his time to the charge of the wounded tiger, and, curling up his soft trunk to be out of harm’s way, had knocked the springing brute sideways in mid-air with a quick sickle cut of his head, that he had invented all by himself; had knocked him over, and kneeled upon him with his huge knees till the life went out with a gasp and a howl, and there was only a fluffy striped thing on the ground for Kala Nag to pull by the tail.

Who acts: nothing, Kala, way, life · What happens: be, not know, stand up, curl up, knock, invent · To what, where: way, soft trunk, springing brute, mid-air, Kala, fluffy striped thing

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nothing, Kala, way, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 was	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 way	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 way	det
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 fighting	case
8	fighting	fighting	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 way	nmod
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	114 thing	nsubj
10	Kala	Kala	PROPN	Number=Sing	114 thing	nsubj
11	Nag	Nag	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Kala	flat
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 Snake	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 Snake	det
14	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 Snake	amod
15	wise	wise	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 Snake	amod
16	Black	Black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 Snake	amod
17	Snake	Snake	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Kala	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 know	punct
19	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 know	aux
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	21 know	advmod
21	know	know	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	10 Kala	parataxis
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 stood	punct
23	for	for	SCONJ	_	26 stood	mark
24	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 stood	nsubj
25	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	26 stood	aux
26	stood	stand	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	21 know	conj
27	up	up	ADP	_	26 stood	compound:prt
28	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	26 stood	advmod
29	than	than	ADP	_	30 once	case
30	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	28 more	obl
31	in	in	ADP	_	33 time	case
32	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	33 time	nmod:poss
33	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 stood	obl
34	to	to	ADP	_	36 charge	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 charge	det
36	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 time	nmod
37	of	of	ADP	_	40 tiger	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 tiger	det
39	wounded	wounded	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 tiger	amod
40	tiger	tiger	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 charge	nmod
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 curling	punct
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 curling	cc
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 curling	punct
44	curling	curl	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	26 stood	advcl
45	up	up	ADP	_	44 curling	compound:prt
46	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	48 trunk	nmod:poss
47	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 trunk	amod
48	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 curling	obj
49	to	to	PART	_	55 way	mark
50	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	55 way	cop
51	out	out	ADP	_	55 way	case
52	of	of	ADP	_	55 way	case
53	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	55 way	nmod:poss
54	’s	's	PART	_	53 harm	case
55	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 curling	obl
56	,	,	PUNCT	_	58 knocked	punct
57	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	58 knocked	aux
58	knocked	knock	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	55 way	acl
59	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	61 brute	det
60	springing	springing	NOUN	Number=Sing	61 brute	compound
61	brute	brute	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 knocked	obj
62	sideways	sideways	ADV	_	58 knocked	advmod
63	in	in	ADP	_	64 mid-air	case
64	mid-air	mid-air	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 knocked	obl
65	with	with	ADP	_	69 cut	case
66	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	69 cut	det
67	quick	quick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	69 cut	amod
68	sickle	sickle	NOUN	Number=Sing	69 cut	compound
69	cut	cut	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 knocked	obl
70	of	of	ADP	_	72 head	case
71	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	72 head	nmod:poss
72	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	69 cut	nmod
73	,	,	PUNCT	_	77 invented	punct
74	that	that	SCONJ	_	77 invented	mark
75	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	77 invented	nsubj
76	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	77 invented	aux
77	invented	invent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	58 knocked	conj
78	all	all	ADV	_	77 invented	advmod
79	by	by	ADP	_	80 himself	case
80	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	77 invented	obl
81	;	;	PUNCT	_	83 knocked	punct
82	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	83 knocked	aux
83	knocked	knock	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 know	conj
84	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	83 knocked	obj
85	over	over	ADP	_	83 knocked	compound:prt
86	,	,	PUNCT	_	88 kneeled	punct
87	and	and	CCONJ	_	88 kneeled	cc
88	kneeled	kneele	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	83 knocked	conj
89	upon	upon	ADP	_	90 him	case
90	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	88 kneeled	obl
91	with	with	ADP	_	94 knees	case
92	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	94 knees	nmod:poss
93	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	94 knees	amod
94	knees	knee	NOUN	Number=Plur	88 kneeled	obl
95	till	till	SCONJ	_	98 went	mark
96	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	97 life	det
97	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	98 went	nsubj
98	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	88 kneeled	advcl
99	out	out	ADV	_	98 went	advmod
100	with	with	ADP	_	102 gasp	case
101	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	102 gasp	det
102	gasp	gasp	NOUN	Number=Sing	98 went	obl
103	and	and	CCONJ	_	105 howl	cc
104	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	105 howl	det
105	howl	howl	NOUN	Number=Sing	102 gasp	conj
106	,	,	PUNCT	_	109 was	punct
107	and	and	CCONJ	_	109 was	cc
108	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	109 was	expl
109	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	114 thing	cop
110	only	only	ADV	_	114 thing	advmod
111	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	114 thing	det
112	fluffy	fluffy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	114 thing	amod
113	striped	striped	ADJ	Degree=Pos	114 thing	amod
114	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 way	acl:relcl
115	on	on	ADP	_	117 ground	case
116	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	117 ground	det
117	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	114 thing	nmod
118	for	for	ADP	_	119 Kala	case
119	Kala	Kala	PROPN	Number=Sing	117 ground	nmod
120	Nag	Nag	PROPN	Number=Sing	119 Kala	flat
121	to	to	PART	_	122 pull	mark
122	pull	pull	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	114 thing	acl
123	by	by	ADP	_	125 tail	case
124	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	125 tail	det
125	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	122 pull	obl
126	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 was	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	nothing		the way of fighting; there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in way=Location
2	not know	past · do-support						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	stand up	past · perfect	Kala			time		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	curl up	gerund	Kala not said here	Kala's soft trunk				vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trunk=Patient
5	is	to-infinitive			harm's way			tree rules
6	knock	past · perfect	harm's way not said here	the springing brute	mid-air		with a quick sickle cut of Kala's head; sideways property	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent brute=Theme in mid-air=Destination
7	invent	past · perfect	Kala				by Kala; all property	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	knock over	past · perfect		Kala				vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent he=Patient
9	kneele	participle					upon Kala; with Kala's huge knees	tree rules
10	go out	past	the life				with a gasp and a howl; out property	vn interact-36.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with gasp=Co-Agent
11	is a	past	the way of fighting	a fluffy striped thing	the ground for Kala			tree rules
12	pull	to-infinitive	nothing not said here				by the tail	vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
13	charge			the wounded tiger				nom charge «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/136/