The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 16, sentence 87

Little Toomai was too frightened to speak, but Kala Nag was behind him, and Toomai made a sign with his hand, and the elephant caught him up in his trunk and held him level with Pudmini’s forehead, in front of the great Petersen Sahib.

Who acts: Little Toomai, Kala, Toomai, elephant · What happens: be, speak, make, catch up, hold · To what, where: sign, Toomai, trunk, front · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Little Toomai, Kala, Toomai, elephant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 Toomai	amod
2	Toomai	Toomai	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 frightened	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 frightened	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 frightened	advmod
5	frightened	frightened	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 speak	mark
7	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 frightened	xcomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 him	punct
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 him	cc
10	Kala	Kala	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 him	nsubj
11	Nag	Nag	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Kala	flat
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 him	cop
13	behind	behind	ADP	_	14 him	case
14	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 frightened	advcl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 made	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 made	cc
17	Toomai	Toomai	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 made	nsubj
18	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 frightened	conj
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 sign	det
20	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 made	obj
21	with	with	ADP	_	23 hand	case
22	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 hand	nmod:poss
23	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 sign	nmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 caught	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 caught	cc
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 elephant	det
27	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 caught	nsubj
28	caught	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 made	parataxis
29	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 caught	obj
30	up	up	ADP	_	28 caught	compound:prt
31	in	in	ADP	_	33 trunk	case
32	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	33 trunk	nmod:poss
33	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 caught	obl
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 held	cc
35	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 caught	conj
36	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 held	obj
37	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 held	obj
38	with	with	ADP	_	41 forehead	case
39	Pudmini	Pudmini	PROPN	Number=Sing	41 forehead	nmod:poss
40	’s	's	PART	_	39 Pudmini	case
41	forehead	forehead	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 level	nmod
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 front	punct
43	in	in	ADP	_	44 front	case
44	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 held	obl
45	of	of	ADP	_	49 Sahib	case
46	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	49 Sahib	det
47	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	49 Sahib	amod
48	Petersen	Petersen	PROPN	Number=Sing	49 Sahib	compound
49	Sahib	Sahib	PROPN	Number=Sing	44 front	nmod
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 frightened	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	past	Little Toomai			frightened property	tree rules
2	speak speech: other	to-infinitive	Little Toomai not said here				vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	past	Kala			behind Kala	tree rules
4	make	past	Toomai	a sign		with Toomai's hand	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Product
5	catch up	past	the elephant	Toomai	Toomai's trunk		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
6	hold	past	the elephant not said here	Toomai	front of the great Petersen Sahib		vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme level=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/87/