The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 59

The moonlight showed it all iron gray, except where some elephants stood upon it, and their shadows were inky black.

Who acts: moonlight, elephants, shadows · What happens: show, stand, be, shadow · To what, where: blade

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (moonlight, elephants, shadows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 moonlight	det
2	moonlight	moonlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	nsubj
3	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 showed	obj
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 gray	det
6	iron	iron	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 gray	amod
7	gray	gray	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 stood	punct
9	except	except	ADP	_	13 stood	mark
10	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	13 stood	advmod
11	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	12 elephants	det
12	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 stood	nsubj
13	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 showed	conj
14	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 it	case
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 stood	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 black	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 black	cc
18	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 shadows	nmod:poss
19	shadows	shadow	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 black	nsubj
20	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 black	cop
21	inky	inky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 black	amod
22	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 showed	parataxis
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 showed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	show	past	the moonlight	blade			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient gray=Topic
2	stand	past	some elephants		blade		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon it=Location
3	is	past	elephants's shadows			black property	tree rules
4	shadow		elephants = elephant				nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/59/