The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 64

They were standing head to head, or walking to and fro across the ground in couples, or rocking and swaying all by themselves--scores and scores of elephants.

Who acts: elephants · What happens: stand, walk, fro, rock, sway, score · To what, where: head, ground, elephants

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 standing	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 standing	aux
3	standing	stand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 standing	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 head	case
6	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 standing	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 walking	punct
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 walking	cc
9	walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 standing	conj
10	to	to	ADP	_	9 walking	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 fro	cc
12	fro	fro	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 walking	conj
13	across	across	ADP	_	15 ground	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 ground	det
15	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fro	obl
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 couples	case
17	couples	couple	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 fro	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 rocking	punct
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 rocking	cc
20	rocking	rock	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 standing	conj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 swaying	cc
22	swaying	sway	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 standing	conj
23	all	all	ADV	_	22 swaying	advmod
24	by	by	ADP	_	25 themselves	case
25	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	22 swaying	obl
26	--	--	PUNCT	_	27 scores	punct
27	scores	score	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 standing	obl
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 scores	cc
29	scores	score	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 scores	conj
30	of	of	ADP	_	31 elephants	case
31	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 scores	nmod
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 standing	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	stand	past · progressive	elephants = elephant	head		to head; scores and scores of elephants obl	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer head=Stimulus
2	walk	gerund	elephants = elephant not said here				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	fro	infinitive	elephants = elephant not said here		the ground	in couples	tree rules
4	rock	gerund	elephants = elephant not said here				vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	sway	gerund	elephants = elephant not said here			by elephants = elephant; all property	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by themselves=Location
6	score			elephants			nom score «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/64/