The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 80
The elephants were stamping all together now, and it sounded like a war drum beaten at the mouth of a cave.
Who acts: elephants, dew · What happens: stamp, sound, beat · To what, where: war drum, mouth
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephants, dew), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 elephants | det |
| 2 | elephants | elephant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 stamping | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 stamping | aux |
| 4 | stamping | stamp | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | all | all | ADV | _ | 6 together | advmod |
| 6 | together | together | ADV | _ | 4 stamping | advmod |
| 7 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 stamping | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sounded | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sounded | cc |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 sounded | nsubj |
| 11 | sounded | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 stamping | conj |
| 12 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 drum | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 drum | det |
| 14 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 drum | compound |
| 15 | drum | drum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sounded | obl |
| 16 | beaten | beat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 drum | acl |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 mouth | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 mouth | det |
| 19 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 beaten | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 cave | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 cave | det |
| 22 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 mouth | nmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 stamping | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stamp | past · progressive | the elephants | now | together property | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | sound | past | dew | like a war drum | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | beat | participle | a war drum not said here | the mouth of a cave | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at mouth=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/80/