The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 18, sentence 16
“Now, if I lie in one word, send men to see, and they will find that the elephant folk have trampled down more room in their dance-room, and they will find ten and ten, and many times ten, tracks leading to that dance-room.
Who acts: Kala, you, words, tracks · What happens: lie, send, see, find, trample down, lead · To what, where: one word, men, elephant folk, ten · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kala, you, words, tracks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 send | punct |
| 2 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 send | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Now | punct |
| 4 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 6 lie | mark |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 lie | nsubj |
| 6 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 send | advcl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 word | case |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 word | nummod |
| 9 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lie | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 lie | punct |
| 11 | send | send | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 send | obj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 see | mark |
| 14 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 send | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 find | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 find | cc |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 find | nsubj |
| 18 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 find | aux |
| 19 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 send | conj |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 trampled | mark |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 folk | det |
| 22 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 folk | compound |
| 23 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 trampled | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 trampled | aux |
| 25 | trampled | trample | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 find | ccomp |
| 26 | down | down | ADP | _ | 25 trampled | compound:prt |
| 27 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 28 room | advmod |
| 28 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 trampled | obl |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 room | case |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 room | nmod:poss |
| 31 | dance | dance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 room | compound |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 dance | punct |
| 33 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 room | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 find | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 find | cc |
| 36 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 find | nsubj |
| 37 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 find | aux |
| 38 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 send | conj |
| 39 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 38 find | obj |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 ten | cc |
| 41 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 ten | conj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 times | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 times | cc |
| 44 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 times | amod |
| 45 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 send | obl:unmarked |
| 46 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 45 times | flat |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 tracks | punct |
| 48 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 times | conj |
| 49 | leading | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 48 tracks | acl |
| 50 | to | to | ADP | _ | 54 room | case |
| 51 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 54 room | det |
| 52 | dance | dance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 room | compound |
| 53 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 52 dance | punct |
| 54 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 leading | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 send | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | Kala | one word | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in word=Location | ||||
| 2 | send in a quote | imperative | you not said here | men | now; time | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme | |||
| 3 | see in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | find in a quote | future | words = word | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | trample down in a quote | present · perfect · passive | the elephant folk | room in words's dance room obl | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | find in a quote | future | words = word | ten | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ten=Topic | ||||
| 7 | lead in a quote | gerund | tracks not said here | to that dance room | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to room=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/16/