The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 18, sentence 31

By all the Gods of the Hills, it is--what can we say?” and he shook his head.

Who acts: Gods, Machua · What happens: be, say, shake · To what, where: head · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gods, Machua), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	4 Gods	case
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 Gods	det:predet
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Gods	det
4	Gods	god	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 say	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 Hills	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Hills	det
7	Hills	Hill	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 Gods	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 Gods	punct
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 is	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 Gods	cop
11	--	--	PUNCT	_	15 say	punct
12	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 say	obj
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 say	aux
14	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 say	nsubj
15	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	15 say	punct
17	”	"	PUNCT	_	15 say	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 shook	cc
19	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 shook	nsubj
20	shook	shake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 say	conj
21	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 head	nmod:poss
22	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 shook	obj
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 say	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present			by all Gods; of the Hills	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	can	all Gods			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic
3	shake in a quote	past	Machua	Machua's head		vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent head=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/18/31/