The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 6, sentence 102
Generations of monkeys had been scared into good behavior by the stories their elders told them of Kaa, the night thief, who could slip along the branches as quietly as moss grows, and steal away the strongest monkey that ever lived; of old Kaa, who could make himself look so like a dead branch or a rotten stump that the wisest were deceived, till the branch caught them.
Who acts: elders, night thief, moss, strongest monkey, old Kaa, branch · What happens: scare, tell, slip, grow, steal away, live · To what, where: Generations, good behavior, strongest monkey, moss, wisest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elders, night thief, moss, strongest monkey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Generations | generation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 scared | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 3 monkeys | case |
| 3 | monkeys | monkey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Generations | nmod |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 scared | aux |
| 5 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 scared | aux:pass |
| 6 | scared | scare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | into | into | ADP | _ | 9 behavior | case |
| 8 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 behavior | amod |
| 9 | behavior | behavior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 scared | obl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 stories | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 stories | det |
| 12 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 told | obl |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 elders | nmod:poss |
| 14 | elders | elder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 told | nsubj |
| 15 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 scared | conj |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 told | iobj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Kaa | case |
| 18 | Kaa | Kaa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 thief | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 thief | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 thief | det |
| 21 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 thief | compound |
| 22 | thief | thief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 told | ccomp |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 slip | punct |
| 24 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 slip | nsubj |
| 25 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 slip | aux |
| 26 | slip | slip | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 thief | acl:relcl |
| 27 | along | along | ADP | _ | 29 branches | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 branches | det |
| 29 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 slip | obl |
| 30 | as | as | ADV | _ | 31 quietly | advmod |
| 31 | quietly | quietly | ADV | _ | 26 slip | advmod |
| 32 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 34 grows | mark |
| 33 | moss | moss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 grows | nsubj |
| 34 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 slip | advcl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 steal | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 steal | cc |
| 37 | steal | steal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 scared | parataxis |
| 38 | away | away | ADV | _ | 37 steal | advmod |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 monkey | det |
| 40 | strongest | strong | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 41 monkey | amod |
| 41 | monkey | monkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 steal | obj |
| 42 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 lived | nsubj |
| 43 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 44 lived | advmod |
| 44 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 monkey | acl:relcl |
| 45 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 48 Kaa | punct |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 Kaa | case |
| 47 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 Kaa | amod |
| 48 | Kaa | Kaa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 scared | obl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 make | punct |
| 50 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 52 make | nsubj |
| 51 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 52 make | aux |
| 52 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 48 Kaa | acl:relcl |
| 53 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 52 make | obj |
| 54 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 52 make | xcomp |
| 55 | so | so | ADV | _ | 54 look | advmod |
| 56 | like | like | ADP | _ | 59 branch | case |
| 57 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 59 branch | det |
| 58 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 branch | amod |
| 59 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 look | obl |
| 60 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 63 stump | cc |
| 61 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 63 stump | det |
| 62 | rotten | rotten | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 63 stump | amod |
| 63 | stump | stump | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 branch | conj |
| 64 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 68 deceived | mark |
| 65 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 66 wisest | det |
| 66 | wisest | wise | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 68 deceived | nsubj |
| 67 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 68 deceived | aux:pass |
| 68 | deceived | deceive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 63 stump | acl:relcl |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 caught | punct |
| 70 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 73 caught | mark |
| 71 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 72 branch | det |
| 72 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 caught | nsubj |
| 73 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 68 deceived | conj |
| 74 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 73 caught | obj |
| 75 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 scared | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | scare | past · perfect · passive | Generations of monkeys | good behavior | of old Kaa | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | Generations's elders | Generations = generation | by the stories | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | |||
| 3 | slip | could | the night thief | along the branches; quietly property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | grow | present | moss | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | steal away | present | the strongest monkey | away property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location monkey=Theme | ||||
| 6 | live | past | the strongest monkey | ever | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | make | could | old Kaa | moss | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | look | infinitive | moss not said here | like a dead branch or a rotten stump | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 9 | deceive | past · passive | the wisest | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 10 | catch | past | the branch | Generations = generation | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/6/102/